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Recent text-to-image (T2I) models have had great success, and many benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate their performance and safety. However, they only consider explicit prompts while neglecting implicit prompts (hint at a target…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Yue Yang , Yuqi Lin , Hong Liu , Wenqi Shao , Runjian Chen , Hailong Shang , Yu Wang , Yu Qiao , Kaipeng Zhang , Ping Luo

Text-to-image (T2I) models have rapidly advanced, enabling the generation of high-quality images from text prompts across various domains. However, these models present notable safety concerns, including the risk of generating harmful,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Lijun Li , Zhelun Shi , Xuhao Hu , Bowen Dong , Yiran Qin , Xihui Liu , Lu Sheng , Jing Shao

Modern text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models can generate images with remarkable realism and creativity. These advancements have sparked research in fake image detection and attribution, yet prior studies have not fully explored the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Katherine Xu , Lingzhi Zhang , Jianbo Shi

Text-to-image generators (T2Is) are liable to produce images that perpetuate social stereotypes, especially in regards to race or skin tone. We use a comprehensive set of 93 stigmatized identities to determine that three versions of Stable…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kyra Wilson , Sourojit Ghosh , Aylin Caliskan

The proliferation of text-to-image diffusion models (T2I DMs) has led to an increased presence of AI-generated images in daily life. However, biased T2I models can generate content with specific tendencies, potentially influencing people's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Huayang Huang , Xiangye Jin , Jiaxu Miao , Yu Wu

While text-to-image (T2I) generative models have become ubiquitous, they do not necessarily generate images that align with a given prompt. While previous work has evaluated T2I alignment by proposing metrics, benchmarks, and templates for…

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models often exhibit gender bias, particularly by generating stereotypical associations between professions and gendered subjects. This paper presents SAE Debias, a lightweight and model-agnostic framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Chao Wu , Zhenyi Wang , Kangxian Xie , Naresh Kumar Devulapally , Vishnu Suresh Lokhande , Mingchen Gao

Text-to-image (TTI) diffusion models have achieved remarkable visual quality, yet they have been repeatedly shown to exhibit social biases across sensitive attributes such as gender, race and age. To mitigate these biases, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Manos Plitsis , Giorgos Bouritsas , Vassilis Katsouros , Yannis Panagakis

Demographic bias in text-to-image (T2I) generation is well studied, yet demographic-conditioned failures in instruction-guided image-to-image (I2I) editing remain underexplored. We examine whether identical edit instructions yield…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Huichan Seo , Minki Hong , Sieun Choi , Jihie Kim , Jean Oh

As machine learning-enabled Text-to-Image (TTI) systems are becoming increasingly prevalent and seeing growing adoption as commercial services, characterizing the social biases they exhibit is a necessary first step to lowering their risk…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Alexandra Sasha Luccioni , Christopher Akiki , Margaret Mitchell , Yacine Jernite

Bias in generative Text-to-Image (T2I) models is a known issue, yet systematically analyzing such models' outputs to uncover it remains challenging. We introduce the Visual Bias Explorer (ViBEx) to interactively explore the output space of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Johannes Eschner , Roberto Labadie-Tamayo , Matthias Zeppelzauer , Manuela Waldner

As we increasingly use Artificial Intelligence (AI) in decision-making for industries like healthcare, finance, e-commerce, and even entertainment, it is crucial to also reflect on the ethical aspects of AI, for example the inclusivity and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Zoya Hammad , Nii Longdon Sowah

Text-to-image models, which can generate high-quality images based on textual input, have recently enabled various content-creation tools. Despite significantly affecting a wide range of downstream applications, the distributions of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yanzhe Zhang , Lu Jiang , Greg Turk , Diyi Yang

Text-to-image generation models that generate images based on prompt descriptions have attracted an increasing amount of attention during the past few months. Despite their encouraging performance, these models raise concerns about the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Zeyang Sha , Zheng Li , Ning Yu , Yang Zhang

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have achieved widespread success due to their ability to generate high-resolution, photorealistic images. These models are trained on large-scale datasets, like LAION-5B, often scraped from the internet.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Korada Sri Vardhana , Shrikrishna Lolla , Soma Biswas

Text-to-image (T2I) models, and their encoded biases, increasingly shape the visual media the public encounters. While researchers have produced a rich body of work on bias measurement, auditing, and mitigation in T2I systems, those methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Bochu Ding , Brinnae Bent , Augustus Wendell

Text-to-image (T2I) models such as Stable Diffusion have advanced rapidly and are now widely used in content creation. However, these models can be misused to generate harmful content, including nudity or violence, posing significant safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zilong Wang , Xiang Zheng , Xiaosen Wang , Bo Wang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Contemporary Text-to-Image (T2I) models frequently depend on qualitative human evaluations to assess the consistency between synthesized images and the text prompts. There is a demand for quantitative and automatic evaluation tools, given…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Ziyuan Qin , Dongjie Cheng , Haoyu Wang , Huahui Yi , Yuting Shao , Zhiyuan Fan , Kang Li , Qicheng Lao

The misuse of generative AI in online disinformation campaigns highlights the urgent need for transparent and explainable detection systems. In this work, we investigate how detectors for AI-generated images can be more effective in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Silvia Poletti , Justin Ilyes , Marcel Hasenbalg , David Fischinger , Martin Boyer

The increasing ubiquity of text-to-image (T2I) models as tools for visual content generation raises concerns about their ability to accurately represent diverse cultural contexts -- where missed cues can stereotype communities and undermine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shravan Nayak , Mehar Bhatia , Xiaofeng Zhang , Verena Rieser , Lisa Anne Hendricks , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Yash Goyal , Karolina Stańczak , Aishwarya Agrawal