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In this paper, we improve Chinese spoken language understanding (SLU) by injecting word information. Previous studies on Chinese SLU do not consider the word information, failing to detect word boundaries that are beneficial for intent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Dechuan Teng , Libo Qin , Wanxiang Che , Sendong Zhao , Ting Liu

This paper envisions a multi-agent system for detecting the presence of hate speech in online social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. We introduce a novel framework employing deep learning techniques to coordinate the channels…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Gaurav Sahu , Robin Cohen , Olga Vechtomova

Large language models (LLMs) require robust toxicity evaluation beyond explicit wording. This setting remains underexplored in Chinese, where toxicity may combine semantic indirectness with surface obfuscation. We introduce Chinese Implicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jingyi Kang , Junyu Lu , Bo Xu , Hongbo Wang , Linlin zong , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Hongfei Lin

Detecting implicit hate speech that is not directly hateful remains a challenge. Recent research has attempted to detect implicit hate speech by applying contrastive learning to pre-trained language models such as BERT and RoBERTa, but the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Jaehoon Kim , Seungwan Jin , Sohyun Park , Someen Park , Kyungsik Han

Hate speech detection is a crucial task, especially on social media, where harmful content can spread quickly. Implementing machine learning models to automatically identify and address hate speech is essential for mitigating its impact and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Somaiyeh Dehghan , Mehmet Umut Sen , Berrin Yanikoglu

Network public opinion analysis is obtained by a combination of natural language processing (NLP) and public opinion supervision, and is crucial for monitoring public mood and trends. Therefore, network public opinion analysis can identify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Lukai Wang , Lei Wang

Detecting misogynistic hate speech is a difficult algorithmic task. The task is made more difficult when decision criteria for what constitutes misogynistic speech are ungrounded in established literatures in psychology and philosophy, both…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Artemis Deligianni , Zachary Horne , Leonidas A. A. Doumas

This paper studies the problem of autonomous agents performing Bayesian social learning for sequential detection when the observations of the state belong to a high-dimensional space and are expensive to analyze. Specifically, when the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Adit Jain , Vikram Krishnamurthy

Social media platforms have experienced a significant rise in toxic content, including abusive language and discriminatory remarks, presenting growing challenges for content moderation. Some users evade censorship by deliberately disguising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Xuchen Ma , Jianxiang Yu , Wenming Shao , Bo Pang , Xiang Li

In this paper, we propose a span labeling approach to model n-gram information for Vietnamese word segmentation, namely SPAN SEG. We compare the span labeling approach with the conditional random field by using encoders with the same…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Duc-Vu Nguyen , Linh-Bao Vo , Dang Van Thin , Ngan Luu-Thuy Nguyen

Early suicide risk detection in adolescents is critical yet hindered by scalability challenges of current assessments. This paper presents our approach to the first SpeechWellness Challenge (SW1), which aims to assess suicide risk in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-28 Filomene Roquefort , Alexandre Ducorroy , Rachid Riad

Social media platforms may provide potential space for discourses that contain hate speech, and even worse, can act as a propagation mechanism for hate crimes. The FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program collects hate crime data and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Songqiao Han , Hailiang Huang , Jiangwei Liu , Shengsheng Xiao

With the in-depth integration of mobile Internet and widespread adoption of social platforms, user-generated content in the Chinese cyberspace has witnessed explosive growth. Among this content, the proliferation of toxic comments poses…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Ruixing Ren , Junhui Zhao , Xiaoke Sun , Qiuping Li

Hate speech detection on social media faces challenges in both accuracy and explainability, especially for underexplored Indic languages. We propose a novel explainability-guided training framework, X-MuTeST (eXplainable Multilingual haTe…

Hate speech is a widespread and harmful form of online discourse, encompassing slurs and defamatory posts that can have serious social, psychological, and sometimes physical impacts on targeted individuals and communities. As social media…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Santosh Chapagain , Shah Muhammad Hamdi , Soukaina Filali Boubrahimi

In recent years, monitoring hate speech and offensive language on social media platforms has become paramount due to its widespread usage among all age groups, races, and ethnicities. Consequently, there have been substantial research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Aneri Rana , Sonali Jha

Online toxic content has grown into a pervasive phenomenon, intensifying during times of crisis, elections, and social unrest. A significant amount of research has been focused on detecting or analyzing toxic content using machine-learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Gautam Kishore Shahi , Tim A. Majchrzak

With the spread of social networks and their unfortunate use for hate speech, automatic detection of the latter has become a pressing problem. In this paper, we reproduce seven state-of-the-art hate speech detection models from prior work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Tommi Gröndahl , Luca Pajola , Mika Juuti , Mauro Conti , N. Asokan

Current research on hate speech analysis is typically oriented towards monolingual and single classification tasks. In this paper, we present a new multilingual multi-aspect hate speech analysis dataset and use it to test the current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Nedjma Ousidhoum , Zizheng Lin , Hongming Zhang , Yangqiu Song , Dit-Yan Yeung

Chinese Spell Checking (CSC) aims to detect and correct Chinese spelling errors. Recent researches start from the pretrained knowledge of language models and take multimodal information into CSC models to improve the performance. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Yinghui Li , Shirong Ma , Qingyu Zhou , Zhongli Li , Li Yangning , Shulin Huang , Ruiyang Liu , Chao Li , Yunbo Cao , Haitao Zheng