Related papers: On the Utility Function of Experiments in Fundamen…
Gathering data through measurements is at the basis of every experimental science. Ideally, measurements should be repeatable and, when extracting only coarse-grained data, they should allow the experimenter to retrieve the finer details at…
This book is not meant to be another compendium of select inequalities, nor does it claim to contain the latest or the slickest ways of proving them. This project is rather an attempt at describing how most functional inequalities are not…
Measures play an important role in the characterisation of various function spaces. In this paper, the structure of density measures will be investigated. These are elements of the dual of the space of essentially bounded func- tions. The…
When the experimental objective is expressed by a set of estimable functions, and any eigenvalue-based optimality criterion is selected, we prove the equivalence of the recently introduced weighted optimality and the 'standard' optimality…
A qualitatively new, much more liberal and efficient organisation of science is proposed and justified, in connection with growing debate about further role and development of fundamental science. Although the key ideas can be explained…
The optimization of composition and processing to obtain materials that exhibit desirable characteristics has historically relied on a combination of scientist intuition, trial and error, and luck. We propose a methodology that can…
Fine-tuning in physics and cosmology is often used as evidence that a theory is incomplete. For example, the parameters of the standard model of particle physics are "unnaturally" small (in various technical senses), which has driven much…
The challenge of optimal design of experiments (DOE) pervades materials science, physics, chemistry, and biology. Bayesian optimization has been used to address this challenge in vast sample spaces, although it requires framing experimental…
In this paper, we propose a novel fairness framework grounded in the concept of happiness, a measure of the utility each group gains fromdecisionoutcomes. Bycapturingfairness through this intuitive lens, we not only offer a more…
While lab courses are an integral part of studying physics aiming at a huge variety of learning objectives, research has shown that typical lab courses do not reach all the desired goals. While diverse approaches by lab instructors and…
There are many different notions of optimality even in testing a single hypothesis. In the multiple testing area, the number of possibilities is very much greater. The paper first will describe multiplicity issues that arise in tests…
The interest in a system often resides in the interplay among different parameters governing its evolution. It is thus often required to access many of them at once for a complete description. Assessing how quantum enhancement in such…
Science students must deal with the errors inherent to all physical measurements and be conscious of the necessity to express their as a best estimate and a range of uncertainty. Errors are routinely classified as statistical or systematic.…
The great majority of engineered products are subject to thermo-mechanical loads which vary with the product environment during the various phases of its life-cycle (machining, assembly, intended service use...). Those load variations may…
Experimental program review in our field may benefit from a more quantitative framework within which to quantitatively discuss the scientific merit of a proposed program of research, and to assess the scientific merit of a particular…
Automated experimentation has the potential to revolutionize scientific discovery, but its effectiveness depends on well-defined optimization targets, which are often uncertain or probabilistic in real-world settings. In this work, we…
Multiple testing problems arise naturally in scientific studies because of the need to capture or convey more information with more variables. The literature is enormous, but the emphasis is primarily methodological, providing numerous…
A primary goal of physics is to create mathematical models that allow both predictions and explanations of physical phenomena. We weave maths extensively into our physics instruction beginning in high school, and the level and complexity of…
Roughly speaking, functional analysis is the study of vector spaces of arbitrary dimension over the field of real or complex numbers, and the continuous linear mappings between such spaces. Naturally, the notion of continuity requires a…
The goal of a well-controlled study is to remove unwanted variation when estimating the causal effect of the intervention of interest. Experiments conducted in the basic sciences frequently achieve this goal using experimental controls,…