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The Fu-Kane-Mele $\mathbb{Z}_2$ index characterizes two-dimensional time-reversal symmetric topological phases of matter. We shed some light on some features of this index by investigating projection-valued maps endowed with a fermionic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Alessandro Ferreri , Domenico Monaco , Gabriele Peluso

We consider a gapped periodic quantum system with time-reversal symmetry of fermionic (or odd) type, i.e. the time-reversal operator squares to -1. We investigate the existence of periodic and time-reversal invariant Bloch frames in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-06-21 Domenico Fiorenza , Domenico Monaco , Gianluca Panati

We define a $\mathbb{Z}_2$-valued index for stably short-range entangled states of two-dimensional fermionic lattice systems with charge conservation and time reversal symmetry. The index takes its non-trivial value precisely if the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-11-14 Sven Bachmann , Alex Bols , Mahsa Rahnama

We define a new $Z_2$-valued index to characterize the topological properties of periodically driven two dimensional crystals when the time-reversal symmetry is enforced. This index is associated with a spectral gap of the evolution…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-03-24 David Carpentier , Pierre Delplace , Michel Fruchart , Krzysztof Gawędzki

We study topological indices of Fermionic time-reversal invariant topological insulators in two dimensions, in the regime of strong Anderson localization. We devise a method to interpolate between certain Fredholm operators arising in the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Alex Bols , Jeffrey Schenker , Jacob Shapiro

We propose an alternative formulation of the $Z_2$ topological index for quantum spin Hall systems and band insulators when time reversal invariance is not broken. The index is expressed in terms of the Chern numbers of the bands of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-01 Rahul Roy

We present mathematical details of the construction of a topological invariant for periodically driven two-dimensional lattice systems with time-reversal symmetry and quasienergy gaps, which was proposed recently by some of us. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-25 David Carpentier , Pierre Delplace , Michel Fruchart , Krzysztof Gawędzki , Clément Tauber

We study the bulk-edge correspondence in topological insulators by taking Fu-Kane spin pumping model as an example. We show that the Kane-Mele invariant in this model is Z2 invariant modulo the spectral flow of a single-parameter family of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-02-22 Yue Yu , Yong-Shi Wu , Xincheng Xie

We propose a new method to numerically compute the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ indices for disordered topological insulators in Kitaev's periodic table. All of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ indices are known to be derived from the index formulae which are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-12-13 Yutaka Akagi , Hosho Katsura , Tohru Koma

We study disordered topological insulators with time reversal symmetry. Relying on the noncommutative index theorem which relates the Chern number to the projection onto the Fermi sea and the magnetic flux operator, we give a precise…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-03-03 Hosho Katsura , Tohru Koma

We establish a connection between two recently-proposed approaches to the understanding of the geometric origin of the Fu-Kane-Mele invariant $\mathrm{FKM} \in \mathbb{Z}_2$, arising in the context of 2-dimensional time-reversal symmetric…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-01-24 Domenico Monaco , Clément Tauber

We propose a definition of a ${\mathbb Z}_2$ topological invariant for magnon spin Hall systems which are the bosonic analog of two-dimensional topological insulators in class AII. The existence of "Kramers pairs" in these systems is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-10-07 Hiroki Kondo , Yutaka Akagi , Hosho Katsura

The topological classification of fermion systems in mixed states is a long standing quest. For Gaussian states, reminiscent of non-interacting unitary fermions, some progress has been made. While the topological quantization of certain…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-01-05 Lukas Wawer , Michael Fleischhauer

We analyze the topological $\mathbb{Z}_2$ invariant, which characterizes time reversal invariant topological insulators, in the framework of index theory and K-theory. The topological $\mathbb{Z}_2$ invariant counts the parity of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-10-30 Ralph M. Kaufmann , Dan Li , Birgit Wehefritz-Kaufmann

Topological insulators can be characterized alternatively in terms of bulk or edge properties. We prove the equivalence between the two descriptions for two-dimensional solids in the single-particle picture. We give a new formulation of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 G. M. Graf , M. Porta

A two-dimensional topological insulator may arise in a centrosymmetric commensurate N\'{e}el antiferromagnet (AF), where staggered magnetization breaks both the elementary translation and time reversal, but retains their product as a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-04-05 Frédéric Bègue , Pierre Pujol , Revaz Ramazashvili

The topological phases of two-dimensional time-reversal symmetric insulators are classified by a $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ topological invariant. Usually, the invariant is introduced and calculated by exploiting the way time-reversal symmetry acts…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-09-06 Nicolas Baù , Antimo Marrazzo

We show that the two-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}_2$ invariant for time-reversal invariant insulators can be formulated in terms of the boundary-condition dependence of the ground state wavefunction for both non-interacting and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-05-16 Sounak Sinha , Derek Y. Pan , Barry Bradlyn

Two-dimensional 2-bands insulators breaking time reversal symmetry can present topological phases indexed by a topological invariant called the Chern number. Here we first propose an efficient procedure to determine this topological index.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-05-28 Doru Sticlet , Frederic Piéchon , Jean-Noël Fuchs , Pavel Kalugin , Pascal Simon

The topological invariants of a time-reversal-invariant band structure in two dimensions are multiple copies of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ invariant found by Kane and Mele. Such invariants protect the topological insulator and give rise to a spin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 J. E. Moore , L. Balents
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