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This paper introduces the Shepherd Test, a new conceptual test for assessing the moral and relational dimensions of superintelligent artificial agents. The test is inspired by human interactions with animals, where ethical considerations…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Djallel Bouneffouf , Matthew Riemer , Kush Varshney

The concept of art has transposed meaning and medium across time, with its context being a deciding factor for its evolution. However, human beings' innermost functionality remains the same, and art, to this day, serves as an expression of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Alayt Issak

This position paper argues that safety and alignment cannot be achieved by constraining an external system: they must emerge from the co-regulatory design of the human--AI cognitive system as a whole ("AI as Part of Self"). Contemporary AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Alina Gutoreva , Fendi Tsim , Trisevgeni Papakonstantinou

The capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI) lie along a jagged frontier, where AI systems surprisingly fail on tasks that humans find easy and succeed on tasks that humans find hard. To investigate user reactions to this phenomenon, we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jacy Reese Anthis , Hannah Cha , Solon Barocas , Alexandra Chouldechova , Jake Hofman

By defining the current limits (and thereby the frontiers), many boundaries are shaping, and will continue to shape, the future of Artificial Intelligence (AI). We push on these boundaries in order to make further progress into what were…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Ryan Watkins , Soheil Human

One of the current AI issues depicted in popular culture is the fear of conscious super AIs that try to take control over humanity. And as computational power goes upwards and that turns more and more into a reality, understanding…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-22 Daniel Lopes

AI risks are typically framed around physical threats to humanity, a loss of control or an accidental error causing humanity's extinction. However, I argue in line with the gradual disempowerment thesis, that there is an underappreciated…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Joshua Krook

This paper takes an ecological approach toward large-scale models of hybrid human-AI intelligence. Emerging models of human-AI interaction predominantly advance the complementarity thesis variously dubbed human-AI collaboration and human-AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Angjelin Hila

The transfer of tasks with sometimes far-reaching moral implications to autonomous systems raises a number of ethical questions. In addition to fundamental questions about the moral agency of these systems, behavioral issues arise. This…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Till Feier , Jan Gogoll , Matthias Uhl

We discuss the objectives of any endeavor in creating artificial intelligence, AI, and provide a possible alternative. Intelligence might be an unintended consequence of curiosity left to roam free, best exemplified by a frolicking infant.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Ravi Kashyap

The AI alignment problem, which focusses on ensuring that artificial intelligence (AI), including AGI and ASI, systems act according to human values, presents profound challenges. With the progression from narrow AI to Artificial General…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Alberto Hernández-Espinosa , Felipe S. Abrahão , Olaf Witkowski , Hector Zenil

The impact of Artificial Intelligence does not depend only on fundamental research and technological developments, but for a large part on how these systems are introduced into society and used in everyday situations. AI is changing the way…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Virginia Dignum

With recent advancements in AI and computational tools, intelligent paradigms have emerged to enhance fields like shared autonomy and human-machine teaming in healthcare. Advanced AI algorithms (e.g., reinforcement learning) can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-23 MH Farhadi , Ali Rabiee , Sima Ghafoori , Anna Cetera , Wei Xu , Reza Abiri

One of the ambitions of artificial intelligence is to root artificial intelligence deeply in basic science while developing brain-inspired artificial intelligence platforms that will promote new scientific discoveries. The challenges are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Jingan Yang , Yang Peng

Many assumptions that underpin human concepts of identity do not hold for machine minds that can be copied, edited, or simulated. We argue that there exist many different coherent identity boundaries (e.g.\ instance, model, persona), and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Raymond Douglas , Jan Kulveit , Ondrej Havlicek , Theia Pearson-Vogel , Owen Cotton-Barratt , David Duvenaud

AI-related incidents are becoming increasingly frequent and severe, ranging from safety failures to misuse by malicious actors. In such complex situations, identifying which elements caused an adverse outcome, the problem of cause…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Maria Victoria Carro , David Lagnado

The question "Can machines think?" and the Turing Test to assess whether machines could achieve human-level intelligence is one of the roots of AI. With the philosophical argument "I think, therefore I am", this paper challenge the idea of…

Decision-making is increasingly supported by machine recommendations. In healthcare, for example, a clinical decision support system is used by the physician to find a treatment option for a patient. In doing so, people can rely too much on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Simon WS Fischer

Using the example of the film 2001: A Space Odyssey, this chapter illustrates the challenges posed by an AI capable of making decisions that go against human interests. But are human decisions always rational and ethical? In reality, the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Charlotte Jacquemot

This paper critically assesses the anti-functionalist stance on consciousness adopted by certain advocates of integrated information theory (IIT), a corollary of which is that human-level artificial intelligence implemented on conventional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-09-08 Murray Shanahan