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Recently, there has been a surge of vision-based GUI agents designed to automate everyday mobile and web tasks. These agents interpret raw GUI screenshots and autonomously decide where to click, scroll, or type, which bypasses handcrafted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Yucheng Shi , Wenhao Yu , Zaitang Li , Yonglin Wang , Hongming Zhang , Ninghao Liu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Vision-language model based graphical user interface (GUI) agents have shown strong interaction capabilities. However, they often behave unfaithfully, relying on memorized shortcuts rather than grounding actions in displayed screen evidence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Haowen Hu , Pengzhou Cheng , Zheng Wu , Lingzhong Dong , Gongshen Liu , Zhuosheng Zhang

Mobile and wearable interfaces and interaction paradigms are highly constrained by the available screen real estate, and the computational and power resources. Although there exist many ways of displaying information to mobile users,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Kirill A. Shatilov , Dimitris Chatzopoulos , Lik-Hang Lee , Pan Hui

Smartphone GUI agents execute tasks by operating directly on app interfaces, offering a path to broad capability without deep system integration. However, real-world smartphone use is highly personalized: users adopt diverse workflows and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Hongyi Nie , Xunyuan Liu , Yudong Bai , Yaqing Wang , Yang Liu , Quanming Yao , Zhen Wang

Augmented reality (AR) offers immersive interaction but remains inaccessible for users with motor impairments or limited dexterity due to reliance on precise input methods. This study proposes a gesture-based interaction system for AR…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Yikan Wang

Today's conversational agents are restricted to simple standalone commands. In this paper, we present Iris, an agent that draws on human conversational strategies to combine commands, allowing it to perform more complex tasks that it has…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Ethan Fast , Binbin Chen , Julia Mendelsohn , Jonathan Bassen , Michael Bernstein

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown great potential in revolutionizing Graphical User Interface (GUI) automation. However, existing GUI models mostly rely on learning from nearly error-free offline trajectories, thus lacking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Penghao Wu , Shengnan Ma , Bo Wang , Jiaheng Yu , Lewei Lu , Ziwei Liu

This paper focuses on how touch interactions on smartphones can provide a continuous user authentication service through behaviour captured by a touchscreen. While efforts are made to advance touch-based behavioural authentication,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Peter Aaby , Mario Valerio Giuffrida , William J Buchanan , Zhiyuan Tan

Automated understanding of user interfaces (UIs) from their pixels can improve accessibility, enable task automation, and facilitate interface design without relying on developers to comprehensively provide metadata. A first step is to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Jason Wu , Xiaoyi Zhang , Jeff Nichols , Jeffrey P. Bigham

Recent advancements in vision-language models have increased interest in Device-Control Agents (DC agents) for managing graphical user interfaces (GUIs). With the growing complexity and integration of such agents into various applications,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Shaoqing Zhang , Kehai Chen , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rumei Li , Rongxiang Weng , Yang Xiang , Min Zhang

Autonomous agents have demonstrated significant potential in automating complex multistep decision-making tasks. However, even state-of-the-art vision-language models (VLMs), such as GPT-4o, still fall short of human-level performance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Xiao Yu , Baolin Peng , Vineeth Vajipey , Hao Cheng , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Zhou Yu

In this paper, we propose to create animatable avatars for interacting hands with 3D Gaussian Splatting (GS) and single-image inputs. Existing GS-based methods designed for single subjects often yield unsatisfactory results due to limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Xuan Huang , Hanhui Li , Wanquan Liu , Xiaodan Liang , Yiqiang Yan , Yuhao Cheng , Chengqiang Gao

Evaluating GUI agents presents a distinct challenge: trajectories are long, visually grounded, and open-ended, yet evaluation must be both accurate and interpretable. Existing approaches typically apply a single holistic judgment over the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuwen Zhai , Runze Li , Liang Wang , Nian Shi , Liwu Xu , Wei Zhang , Ran Lin , Bo Xu , Benlei Cui

Multimodal AI agents are increasingly automating complex real-world workflows that involve online web execution. However, current web-agent benchmarks suffer from a critical limitation: they focus entirely on web-based interaction and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Shoubin Yu , Lei Shu , Antoine Yang , Yao Fu , Srinivas Sunkara , Maria Wang , Jindong Chen , Mohit Bansal , Boqing Gong

We aim to help users communicate their intent to machines using flexible, adaptive interfaces that translate arbitrary user input into desired actions. In this work, we focus on assistive typing applications in which a user cannot operate a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Jensen Gao , Siddharth Reddy , Glen Berseth , Nicholas Hardy , Nikhilesh Natraj , Karunesh Ganguly , Anca D. Dragan , Sergey Levine

Graphical User Interface (GUI) action grounding is a critical step in GUI automation that maps language instructions to actionable elements on GUI screens. Most recent works of GUI action grounding leverage large GUI datasets to fine-tune…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yue Fan , Handong Zhao , Ruiyi Zhang , Yu Shen , Xin Eric Wang , Gang Wu

Screen recordings of mobile applications are easy to obtain and capture a wealth of information pertinent to software developers (e.g., bugs or feature requests), making them a popular mechanism for crowdsourced app feedback. Thus, these…

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents can automate complex tasks across digital environments, but their development is hindered by the scarcity of high-quality trajectory data for training. Existing approaches rely on expensive human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yiheng Xu , Dunjie Lu , Zhennan Shen , Junli Wang , Zekun Wang , Yuchen Mao , Caiming Xiong , Tao Yu

Evaluating web usability typically requires time-consuming user studies and expert reviews, which often limits iteration speed during product development, especially for small teams and agile workflows. We present Avenir-UX, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Wee Joe Tan , Zi Rui Lucas Lim , Shashank Durgad , Karim Obegi , Aiden Yiliu Li

This paper presents our task-oriented dialog system UBAR which models task-oriented dialogs on a dialog session level. Specifically, UBAR is acquired by fine-tuning the large pre-trained unidirectional language model GPT-2 on the sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Yunyi Yang , Yunhao Li , Xiaojun Quan