Related papers: $M^2$ as a Quantitative Measure for Beam Quality
As quantum computing continues to emerge, ensuring the quality of quantum programs has become increasingly critical. Quantum program testing has emerged as a prominent research area within the scope of quantum software engineering. While…
Wavefront errors are a common artifact in laser light generation and imaging. They can be described as an aberration from the spherical wavefront of an ideal Gaussian beam by combinations of higher-order Hermite- or Laguerre-Gaussian terms.…
Band bending is a central concept in solid-state physics that arises from local variations in charge distribution especially near semiconductor interfaces and surfaces. Its precision measurement is vital in a variety of contexts from the…
Motivated by the necessity of a high-quality stray light control in the detection of the gravitational waves in space, the spot size of a flat top beam generated by the clipping of the Gaussian beam (GB) is studied. By adopting the mode…
In these notes, based on lectures given as part of the Les Houches summer school on Quantum Optics and Nanophotonics in August, 2013, I have tried to give a brief survey of some important approaches and modern tendencies in quantum…
How massive elementary particles get their mass is one of the greatest open questions in physics. Two of the major goals of the current LEP2 physics program that help to address this question are (a) to measure as precisely as possible the…
The ability to measure polarisation, spectrum, temporal dynamics, and spatial amplitude and phase of optical beams is essential to study fundamental phenomena in laser dynamics, telecommunications and nonlinear optics. Current…
Quantum metrology is a general term for methods to precisely estimate the value of an unknown parameter by actively using quantum resources. In particular, some classes of entangled states can be used to significantly suppress the…
Measurement based quantum computation (MBQC) is an effective paradigm for universal quantum computation. In this scheme, the universal set of quantum gates are realized by only local measurements on the prior prepared cluster states. The…
We investigate the possibility of measuring the Hubble constant, the fractional energy density components and the equation of state parameter of the ``dark energy'' using lensed multiple images of high-redshift supernovae. With future…
Quantum metrology promises measurement precision beyond classical limits by exploiting large-scale quantum states, yet realizing this advantage faces two fundamental challenges: the deterministic preparation of non-trivial quantum probes…
Absorption spectroscopy is routinely used to characterise chemical and biological samples. For the state-of-the-art in absorption spectroscopy, precision is theoretically limited by shot-noise due to the fundamental Poisson-distribution of…
We address the problem of achieving an optical random laser with a cloud of cold atoms, in which gain and scattering are provided by the same atoms. The lasing threshold can be defined using the on-resonance optical thickness b0 as a single…
We provide efficient and intuitive tools for deriving bounds on achievable precision in quantum enhanced metrology based on the geometry of quantum channels and semi-definite programming. We show that when decoherence is taken into account,…
Superresolution refers to the estimation of parameters of an image with an accuracy beyond standard classical techniques such as direct detection. In seminal work by Lu et al., a measurement to estimate the separation distance of two point…
We introduce a resource monotone, the completeness stability, to quantify the quality of quantum measurements within a resource-theoretic framework. By viewing a quantum measurement as a frame, the minimum eigenvalue of a frame operator…
Quantum measurements, alongside quantum states and processes, form a cornerstone of quantum information processing. However, unlike states and processes, their efficient characterisation remains relatively unexplored. We resolve this…
With the emergence of the field of quantum communications, the appropriate choice of photonic degrees of freedom used for encoding information is of paramount importance. Highly precise techniques for measuring the polarisation, frequency,…
Shape measurement of rod-shaped particles in fluids is an outstanding challenge with applications in characterising synthetic functional nanoparticles and in early warning detection of rod-shaped pathogens in water supplies. However, it is…
Measurement connects the world of quantum phenomena to the world of classical events. It plays both a passive role, observing quantum systems, and an active one, preparing quantum states and controlling them. Surprisingly - in the light of…