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Automated software testing involves the execution of test scripts by a machine instead of being manually run. This significantly reduces the amount of manual time & effort needed and thus is of great interest to the software testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Anurag Dwarakanath , Neville Dubash , Sanjay Podder

Recent advances in code generation have illuminated the potential of employing large language models (LLMs) for general-purpose programming languages such as Python and C++, opening new opportunities for automating software development and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Jiahao Gai , Hao Mark Chen , Zhican Wang , Hongyu Zhou , Wanru Zhao , Nicholas Lane , Hongxiang Fan

Autonomous Systems (AS) are increasingly proposed, or used, in Safety Critical (SC) applications. Many such systems make use of sophisticated sensor suites and processing to provide scene understanding which informs the AS' decision-making.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-19 John Molloy , John McDermid

The recent surge of building software systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the development of various testing frameworks, primarily focused on treating prompt templates as the unit of testing. Despite the significant…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Juyeon Yoon , Robert Feldt , Shin Yoo

In recent years, the use of deep learning in language models gained much attention. Some research projects claim that they can generate text that can be interpreted as human-writing, enabling new possibilities in many application areas.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Juan Cruz-Benito , Sanjay Vishwakarma , Francisco Martin-Fernandez , Ismael Faro

With the broader adoption and highly successful development of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has been growing interest and demand for applying LLMs to autonomous driving technology. Driven by their natural language understanding and…

Web applications are critical to modern software ecosystems, yet ensuring their reliability remains challenging due to the complexity and dynamic nature of web interfaces. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Nguyen-Khang Le , Quan Minh Bui , Minh Ngoc Nguyen , Hiep Nguyen , Trung Vo , Son T. Luu , Shoshin Nomura , Minh Le Nguyen

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) increasingly rely on learning-based perception, yet safety-relevant failures often arise without component malfunction, driven instead by partial observability and semantic ambiguity in how risk is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jean Douglas Carvalho , Hugo Taciro Kenji , Ahmad Mohammad Saber , Glaucia Melo , Max Mauro Dias Santos , Deepa Kundur

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated an impressive ability to generate codes on competitive programming tasks. However, with limited sample numbers, LLMs still suffer from poor accuracy. Inspired by the process of human…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Kechi Zhang , Zhuo Li , Jia Li , Ge Li , Zhi Jin

The growing number of ADAS-equipped vehicles has led to a dramatic increase in driving data, yet most of them capture routine driving behavior. Identifying and understanding safety-critical corner cases within this vast dataset remains a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yin Wu , Daniel Slieter , Vivek Subramanian , Ahmed Abouelazm , Robin Bohn , J. Marius Zöllner

Large Language Models (LLMs) are demonstrating outstanding potential for tasks such as text generation, summarization, and classification. Given that such models are trained on a humongous amount of online knowledge, we hypothesize that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Jiahui Wu , Chengjie Lu , Aitor Arrieta , Tao Yue , Shaukat Ali

Simulation-based verification is beneficial for assessing otherwise dangerous or costly on-road testing of autonomous vehicles (AV). This paper addresses the challenge of efficiently generating effective tests for simulation-based AV…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Greg Chance , Abanoub Ghobrial , Severin Lemaignan , Tony Pipe , Kerstin Eder

Background. Due to the widespread adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) for building software applications, companies are struggling to recruit employees with a deep understanding of such technologies. In this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Fabio Calefato , Luigi Quaranta , Filippo Lanubile , Marcos Kalinowski

Autonomous Driving Systems (ADSs) are safety-critical, as real-world safety violations can result in significant losses. Rigorous testing is essential before deployment, with simulation testing playing a key role. However, ADSs are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Linfeng Liang , Xi Zheng

With the rapid advancement of deep learning and related technologies, Autonomous Driving Systems (ADSs) have made significant progress and are gradually being widely applied in safety-critical fields. However, numerous accident reports show…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Pin Ji , Yang Feng , Zongtai Li , Xiangchi Zhou , Jia Liu , Jun Sun , Zhihong Zhao

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering practice is reshaping how software testing activities are performed. LLMs are increasingly used to support software testing. Consequently, software testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Peng Yang , Yunfeng Zhu , Chao Chang , Shengcheng Yu , Zhenyu Chen , Yong Tang

We present a practical verification method for safety analysis of the autonomous driving system (ADS). The main idea is to build a surrogate model that quantitatively depicts the behaviour of an ADS in the specified traffic scenario. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Renjue Li , Tianhang Qin , Pengfei Yang , Cheng-Chao Huang , Youcheng Sun , Lijun Zhang

The mass production of complex software has made it impossible to manually test it for security vulnerabilities. Automated security testing tools come in a variety of flavors, function at various stages of software development, and target…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Yan Wu , Jingyi Su , David D. Moran , Chris D. Near

Deploying autonomous vision systems on edge devices faces a critical challenge: resource constraints prevent real-time and predictable execution of comprehensive safety tests. Existing validation methods depend on static datasets or manual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Faezeh Pasandideh , Achim Rettberg

Handling long tail corner cases is a major challenge faced by autonomous vehicles (AVs). While large language models (LLMs) hold great potentials to handle the corner cases with excellent generalization and explanation capabilities and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Zuoyin Tang , Jianhua He , Dashuai Pei , Kezhong Liu , Tao Gao