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Rule-based models offer interpretability but struggle with complex data, while deep neural networks excel in performance yet lack transparency. This work investigates a neuro-symbolic rule learning neural network named RL-Net that learns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Sarah Seifi , Tobias Sukianto , Cecilia Carbonelli , Lorenzo Servadei , Robert Wille

Mechanistic interpretability aims to explain neural model behaviour by reverse-engineering learned computational structure into human-understandable components. Without a formal framework, however, mechanistic explanations cannot be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ward Gauderis , Thomas Dooms , Steven T. Holmer , Kola Ayonrinde , Geraint A. Wiggins

We introduce a new rule-based optimization method for classification with constraints. The proposed method leverages column generation for linear programming, and hence, is scalable to large datasets. The resulting pricing subproblem is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Tabea E. Röber , Adia C. Lumadjeng , M. Hakan Akyüz , Ş. İlker Birbil

Modern self-supervised predictive architectures excel at capturing complex statistical correlations from high-dimensional data but lack mechanisms to internalize verifiable human logic, leaving them susceptible to spurious correlations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yongchao Huang , Hassan Raza

Neural networks for NLP are becoming increasingly complex and widespread, and there is a growing concern if these models are responsible to use. Explaining models helps to address the safety and ethical concerns and is essential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Andreas Madsen , Siva Reddy , Sarath Chandar

Interpretable brain network models for disease prediction are of great value for the advancement of neuroscience. GNNs are promising to model complicated network data, but they are prone to overfitting and suffer from poor interpretability,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Hejie Cui , Wei Dai , Yanqiao Zhu , Xiaoxiao Li , Lifang He , Carl Yang

A central challenge in neuroscience is understanding how neural system implements computation through its dynamics. We propose a nonlinear time series model aimed at characterizing interpretable dynamics from neural trajectories. Our model…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-10-28 Yuan Zhao , Il Memming Park

As neural networks have dominated the state-of-the-art results in a wide range of NLP tasks, it attracts considerable attention to improve the performance of neural models by integrating symbolic knowledge. Different from existing works,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Shen Li , Hengru Xu , Zhengdong Lu

Because of the pervasive usage of Neural Networks in human sensitive applications, their interpretability is becoming an increasingly important topic in machine learning. In this work we introduce a simple way to interpret the output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Stefano Zamuner , Paolo De Los Rios

The pursuit of decision safety in clinical applications highlights the potential of concept-based methods in medical imaging. While these models offer active interpretability, they often suffer from concept leakages, where unintended…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yibo Gao , Hangqi Zhou , Zheyao Gao , Bomin Wang , Shangqi Gao , Sihan Wang , Xiahai Zhuang

Recent advances in the integration of deep learning with automated theorem proving have centered around the representation of logical formulae as inputs to deep learning systems. In particular, there has been a growing interest in adapting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Maxwell Crouse , Ibrahim Abdelaziz , Cristina Cornelio , Veronika Thost , Lingfei Wu , Kenneth Forbus , Achille Fokoue

Challenges persist in providing interpretable explanations for neural network reasoning in explainable AI (xAI). Existing methods like Integrated Gradients produce noisy maps, and LIME, while intuitive, may deviate from the model's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Caroline Mazini Rodrigues , Nicolas Boutry , Laurent Najman

To tackle interpretability in deep learning, we present a novel framework to jointly learn a predictive model and its associated interpretation model. The interpreter provides both local and global interpretability about the predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Jayneel Parekh , Pavlo Mozharovskyi , Florence d'Alché-Buc

This paper introduces a differentiable semantic reasoner, where rules are presented as a relevant set of graph transformations. These rules can be written manually or inferred by a set of facts and goals presented as a training set. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Alberto Cetoli

To plan safe maneuvers and act with foresight, autonomous vehicles must be capable of accurately predicting the uncertain future. In the context of autonomous driving, deep neural networks have been successfully applied to learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Salar Arbabi , Davide Tavernini , Saber Fallah , Richard Bowden

Neuron Interpretation has gained traction in the field of interpretability, and have provided fine-grained insights into what a model learns and how language knowledge is distributed amongst its different components. However, the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Yimin Fan , Fahim Dalvi , Nadir Durrani , Hassan Sajjad

Layered neural networks have greatly improved the performance of various applications including image processing, speech recognition, natural language processing, and bioinformatics. However, it is still difficult to discover or interpret…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-05 Chihiro Watanabe , Kaoru Hiramatsu , Kunio Kashino

Our main contribution is to show that the behaviour of kernels across multiple layers of a convolutional neural network can be approximated using a logic program. The extracted logic programs yield accuracies that correlate with those of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Joe Townsend , Theodoros Kasioumis , Hiroya Inakoshi

Partial Differential Equations are infinite dimensional encoded representations of physical processes. However, imbibing multiple observation data towards a coupled representation presents significant challenges. We present a fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Gurpreet Singh , Soumyajit Gupta , Matt Lease , Clint N. Dawson

When predictive models are used to support complex and important decisions, the ability to explain a model's reasoning can increase trust, expose hidden biases, and reduce vulnerability to adversarial attacks. However, attempts at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Dimitris Bertsimas , Arthur Delarue , Patrick Jaillet , Sebastien Martin