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Building relevance models to rank documents based on user information needs is a central task in information retrieval and the NLP community. Beyond the direct ad-hoc search setting, many knowledge-intense tasks are powered by a first-stage…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Mandeep Rathee , Sean MacAvaney , Avishek Anand

Professionals in academia, law, and finance audit their documents because inconsistencies can result in monetary, reputational, and scientific costs. Language models (LMs) have the potential to dramatically speed up this auditing process.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Charles J. Lovering , Seth Ebner , Brandon Smock , Michael Krumdick , Saad Rabbani , Ahmed Muhammad , Varshini Reddy , Chris Tanner

Legal contracts in the custody and fund services domain govern critical aspects such as key provider responsibilities, fee schedules, and indemnification rights. However, it is challenging for an off-the-shelf Large Language Model (LLM) to…

Automating the drafting of judgment documents is pivotal to judicial efficiency, yet it remains challenging due to the dual requirements of comprehensive retrieval of legal information and rigorous logical reasoning. Existing approaches,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Weihang Su , Xuanyi Chen , Yueyue Wu , Qingyao Ai , Yiqun Liu

Legal case retrieval aims to help legal workers find relevant cases related to their cases at hand, which is important for the guarantee of fairness and justice in legal judgments. While recent advances in neural retrieval methods have…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Weihang Su , Qingyao Ai , Yueyue Wu , Yixiao Ma , Haitao Li , Yiqun Liu , Zhijing Wu , Min Zhang

AI tools are suggested as solutions to assist public agencies with heavy workloads. In public defense -- where a constitutional right to counsel meets the complexities of law, overwhelming caseloads, and constrained resources --…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Dominik Stammbach , Kylie Zhang , Patty Liu , Nimra Nadeem , Inyoung Cheong , Lucia Zheng , Peter Henderson

We explore the task of automatic assessment of argument quality. To that end, we actively collected 6.3k arguments, more than a factor of five compared to previously examined data. Each argument was explicitly and carefully annotated for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Assaf Toledo , Shai Gretz , Edo Cohen-Karlik , Roni Friedman , Elad Venezian , Dan Lahav , Michal Jacovi , Ranit Aharonov , Noam Slonim

Unauthorized disclosure of confidential documents demands robust, low-leakage classification. In real work environments, there is a lot of inflow and outflow of documents. To continuously update knowledge, we propose a methodology for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yeseul E. Chang , Rahul Kailasa , Simon Shim , Byunghoon Oh , Jaewoo Lee

In this paper, we address the issue of using logic rules to explain the results from legal case retrieval. The task is critical to legal case retrieval because the users (e.g., lawyers or judges) are highly specialized and require the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Zhongxiang Sun , Kepu Zhang , Weijie Yu , Haoyu Wang , Jun Xu

Laws and their interpretations, legal arguments and agreements\ are typically expressed in writing, leading to the production of vast corpora of legal text. Their analysis, which is at the center of legal practice, becomes increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Ilias Chalkidis , Abhik Jana , Dirk Hartung , Michael Bommarito , Ion Androutsopoulos , Daniel Martin Katz , Nikolaos Aletras

To undertake computational research of the law, efficiently identifying datasets of court decisions that relate to a specific legal issue is a crucial yet challenging endeavour. This study addresses the gap in the literature working with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Ahmed Izzidien , Holli Sargeant , Felix Steffek

Evaluating the quality of LLM-generated reasoning traces in expert domains (e.g., law) is essential for ensuring credibility and explainability, yet remains challenging due to the inherent complexity of such reasoning tasks. We introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Jinu Lee , Kyoung-Woon On , Simeng Han , Arman Cohan , Julia Hockenmaier

Various industries have produced a large number of documents such as industrial plans, technical guidelines, and regulations that are structurally complex and content-wise fragmented. This poses significant challenges for experts and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hongjia Wu , Hongxin Zhang , Wei Chen , Jiazhi Xia

To enhance the ability to find credible evidence in news articles, we propose a novel task of expert recommendation, which aims to identify trustworthy experts on a specific news topic. To achieve the aim, we describe the construction of a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Wenjia Zhang , Lin Gui , Rob Procter , Yulan He

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) for regulatory compliance demands rigorous traceability via comprehensive citations across multi-tiered authority structures. Unlike traditional multi-hop or legal QA, this task requires structured…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yeong-Joon Ju , Seong-Whan Lee

In this paper, we present our approaches for the case law retrieval and the legal case entailment task in the Competition on Legal Information Extraction/Entailment (COLIEE) 2021. As first stage retrieval methods combined with neural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Sophia Althammer , Arian Askari , Suzan Verberne , Allan Hanbury

Ranking has always been one of the top concerns in information retrieval research. For decades, lexical matching signal has dominated the ad-hoc retrieval process, but it also has inherent defects, such as the vocabulary mismatch problem.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Jingtao Zhan , Jiaxin Mao , Yiqun Liu , Min Zhang , Shaoping Ma

Prior case retrieval (PCR) is crucial for legal practitioners to find relevant precedent cases given the facts of a query case. Existing approaches often overlook the underlying semantic intent in determining relevance with respect to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-27 T. Y. S. S. Santosh , Isaac Misael Olguín Nolasco , Matthias Grabmair

As multimodal content continues to expand at a rapid pace, audio retrieval has emerged as a key enabling technology for media search, content organization, and intelligent assistants. However, most existing benchmarks concentrate on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Honglei Zhang , Yuting Chen , Chenpeng Hu , Siyue Zhang , Yilei Shi

Authorship attribution (AA) is the task of identifying the most likely author of a query document from a predefined set of candidate authors. We introduce a two-stage retrieve-and-rerank framework that finetunes LLMs for cross-genre AA.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shantanu Agarwal , Joel Barry , Steven Fincke , Scott Miller