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We present an innovative optical imaging system for measuring parameters of a small particle such as a macromolecule or nanoparticle at the quantum limit of sensitivity. In comparison to the conventional confocal interferometric scattering…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Fabian Müller , Emre Köse , Alfred J. Meixner , Erik Schäffer , Daniel Braun

Many optical measurement techniques, such as light scattering from wavelength-scale particles or detecting motion from a surface with an optical lever, encode information in a complex radiation pattern. Extracting all available information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Youssef Tawfik , Shan Hao , Thomas P. Purdy

Coherent interconversion of signals between optical and mechanical domains is enabled by optomechanical interactions. Extreme light-matter coupling produced by confining light to nanoscale mode volumes can then access single mid-infrared…

Point supervision has become a scalable solution to address dense annotation for infrared small target detection, but its performance is limited by two coupled bottlenecks: unstable pseudo-label evolution in cluttered, low-contrast infrared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zhu Liu , Yuanhang Yao , Ping Qian , Zihang Chen , Risheng Liu

It has been demonstrated in the recent years that nanomechanical mass spectrometry was well suited for the analysis of specific high mass species such as viruses. Still, the exclusive use of one-dimensional devices such as vibrating beams…

Scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy enables optical imaging and characterization of plasmonic devices with nanometer-scale resolution well below the diffraction limit. This technique enables developers to probe and understand…

Compressed sensing (CS) is a sampling paradigm that allows to simultaneously measure and compress signals that are sparse or compressible in some domain. The choice of a sensing matrix that carries out the measurement has a defining impact…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-02 Anastasia Lavrenko , Florian Roemer , Giovanni Del Galdo , Reiner Thomae

Facilitated by low-noise laser frequency locking, optical microresonators with the Pockels effect have shown unprecedented high resolutions in sensing electrical field. However, the requirement for tunable and low-noise laser sources…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-10 Suwan Sun , Hairun Guo , Andre Luiten , Wenle Weng

In the process of parametric optical image amplification, images are formed at new frequencies in addition to the amplified original image. We show that the parametric multiplexing of optical images can be used to produce an image with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 D. A. Balakin , A. S. Chirkin

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is a powerful label-free imaging technique that probes the vibrational response of chemicals with high specificity and sensitivity. High-power, quantum-enhanced SRS microscopes have been recently…

The classically defined minimum uncertainty of the optical phase is known as the standard quantum limit or shot-noise limit (SNL) originating in the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics. Based on SNL, the phase sensitivity is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-29 Byoung S. Ham

Signal reception of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) usually relies on electrical amplification of the electromotive force caused by nuclear induction. Here, we report up-conversion of a radio-frequency NMR signal to an optical regime using…

Image sensing often relies on a high-quality machine vision system with a large field of view and high resolution. It requires fine imaging optics, has high computational costs, and requires a large communication bandwidth between image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Xinrui Zhan , Xuyang Chang , Daoyu Li , Rong Yan , Yinuo Zhang , Liheng Bian

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides unparalleled access to molecular structure and dynamics but is traditionally limited by weak signal strength, requiring large sample volumes and high magnetic fields. Here, we…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Dileep Singh , Riley W. Hooper , Christoph Findler , Utsab Banerjee , Dominik B. Bucher

Raman scattering, an inelastic scattering mechanism, provides information about molecular excitation energies and can be used to identify chemical compounds. Albeit being a powerful analysis tool, especially for label-free biomedical…

We demonstrate a method that reduces the noise caused by multi-scattering (MS) photons in an \invivo optical coherence tomography image. This method combines a specially designed image acquisition (i.e., optical coherence tomography scan)…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-13 Yiqiang Zhu , Lida Zhu , Yiheng Lim , Shuichi Makita , Yu Guo , Yoshiaki Yasuno

The non-destructive readout mode of a detector allows its pixels to be read multiple times during integration, generating a series of "up-the-ramp" images that keep accumulating photons between successive frames. Since the noise is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-16 Guanghuan Wang , Hu Zhan , Zun Luo , Chengqi Liu , Youhua Xu , Chun Lin , Yanfeng Wei , WenLong Fan

Nanoscale manufacturing requires high-precision surface inspection to guarantee the quality of the produced nanostructures. For production environments, angle-resolved scatterometry offers a non- invasive and in-line compatible alternative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Mehdi Abdollahpour , Carsten Bockelmann , Tajim Md Hasibur Rahman , Armin Dekorsy , Andreas Fischer

We present a scheme for achieving macroscopic quantum superpositions in optomechanical systems by using single photon postselection and detecting them with nested interferometers. This method relieves many of the challenges associated with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-08 Brian Pepper , Roohollah Ghobadi , Evan Jeffrey , Christoph Simon , Dirk Bouwmeester

Coherent interferometric scattering microscopy (iscat) enables nanoparticle tracking on microsecond timescales and with nanometer precision, and has become a key tool in structural and cellular biophysics. The achievable localization…