Related papers: Thermal emission from bow shocks. III. Variable di…
Bow shock pulsar wind nebulae are observed with a variety of complex morphologies at different wavelengths, most likely due to differences in the magnetic field strength and pulsar wind geometry. Here we present a detailed analysis, showing…
We present three-dimensional, nonrelativistic, hydrodynamic simulations of bow shocks in pulsar wind nebulae. The simulations are performed for a range of initial and boundary conditions to quantify the degree of asymmetry produced by…
Many massive stars travel through the interstellar medium at supersonic speeds. As a result they form bow shocks at the interface between the stellar wind. We use numerical hydrodynamics to reproduce such bow shocks numerically, creating…
Far-infrared Herschel/PACS images at 70 and 160 micron of a sample of 78 Galactic evolved stars are used to study the (dust) emission structures, originating from stellar wind-ISM interaction. In addition, two-fluid hydrodynamical…
At least 5 per cent of the massive stars are moving supersonically through the interstellar medium (ISM) and are expected to produce a stellar wind bow shock. We explore how the mass loss and space velocity of massive runaway stars affect…
Massive runaway stars produce bow shocks through the interaction of their winds with the interstellar medium, with the prospect for particle acceleration by the shocks. These objects are consequently candidates for non-thermal emission. Our…
Stars are bad neighbors: they often disturb their surroundings. They sometimes travel very fast through the interstellar medium (ISM). They frequently undergo violent ejection events which leave an imprint on their neighborhood (jets,…
The nearby, massive, runaway star Zeta Ophiuchi has a large bow shock detected in optical and infrared, and, uniquely among runaway O stars, diffuse X-ray emission is detected from the shocked stellar wind. Here we make the first detailed…
The consequences of structured flows continue to be a pressing topic in relating spectral data to physical processes occurring in massive star winds. In a preceding paper, our group reported on hydrodynamic simulations of hypersonic flow…
When a fast moving star or a protostellar jet hits an interstellar cloud, the surrounding gas gets heated and illuminated: a bow shock is born which delineates the wake of the impact. In such a process, the new molecules that are formed and…
Mass-loss influences stellar evolution, especially for massive stars with strong winds. Stellar wind bow shock nebulae driven by Galactic OB stars can be used to measure mass-loss rates ($\dot{M}$). The standoff distance ($R_{0}$) between…
A significative fraction of all massive stars in the Milky Way move supersonically through their local interstellar medium (ISM), producing bow shock nebulae by wind-ISM interaction. The stability of these observed astrospheres around cool…
Expanding nebulae are produced by mass loss from stars, especially during late stages of evolution. Multi-dimensional simulation of these nebulae requires high resolution near the star and permits resolution that decreases with distance…
It is now well established that stellar winds of hot stars are fragmentary and that the X-ray emission from stellar winds has a strong contribution from shocks in winds. Chandra high spectral resolution observations of line profiles of O…
Stellar bow shocks result from relative motions between stars and their environment. The interaction of the stellar wind and radiation with gas and dust in the interstellar medium produces curved arcs of emission at optical, infrared, and…
We assess the multi-wavelength observable properties of the bow shock around a runaway early type star using a combination of hydrodynamical modelling, radiative transfer calculations and synthetic imaging. Instabilities associated with the…
We present a stacking analysis of 2.61 Msec of archival Chandra observations of stellar wind bow shocks. We place an upper limit on the X-ray luminosity of IR-detected bow shocks of $<2\times10^{29}$ erg s$^{-1}$, a more stringent…
A significant fraction of OB-type, main-sequence massive stars are classified as runaway and move supersonically through the interstellar medium (ISM). Their strong stellar winds interact with their surroundings where the typical strength…
Recent far-infrared mapping of mass-losing stars by the AKARI Infrared Astronomy Satellite and Spitzer Space Telescope have suggested that far-infrared bow shock structures are probably ubiquitous around these mass-losing stars, especially…
Context. While the shapes of many observed bow shocks can be reproduced by simple astrosphere models, more elaborate approaches have recently been used to explain differing observable structures. Aims. By placing perturbations of an…