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An \emph{antimagic labeling} of a finite undirected simple graph with $m$ edges and $n$ vertices is a bijection from the set of edges to the integers $1,...,m$ such that all $n$ vertex sums are pairwise distinct, where a vertex sum is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Yongxi Cheng

Let $D$ be a digraph. A stable set $S$ of $D$ and a path partition $\mathcal{P}$ of $D$ are orthogonal if every path $P \in \mathcal{P}$ contains exactly one vertex of $S$. In 1982, Berge defined the class of $\alpha$-diperfect digraphs. A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-29 Caroline Aparecida de Paula Silva , Cândida Nunes da Silva , Orlando Lee

An edge labeling of a connected graph $G = (V, E)$ is said to be local antimagic if it is a bijection $f:E \to\{1,\ldots ,|E|\}$ such that for any pair of adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x)\not= f^+(y)$, where the induced vertex label…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Gee-Choon Lau , Wai-Chee Shiu , Ruixue Zhang , K. Premalatha , M. Nalliah

An antimagic labeling a connected graph $G$ is a bijection from the set of edges $E(G)$ to $\{1,2,\dots,|E(G)|\}$ such that all vertex sums are pairwise distinct, where the vertex sum at vertex $v$ is the sum of the labels assigned to edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-09 Antoni Lozano , Mercè Mora , Carlos Seara , Joaquín Tey

Let G = (V, E) be a graph of order n without isolated vertices. A bijection f from vertex set of G to the set of integers from 1 to n is called a local distance antimagic labeling, if w(u) is not equal to w(v) for every edge uv of G, where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Maurice Genevieva Almeida

An antimagic {labeling} of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a one-to-one mapping $f: E\rightarrow\{1,2,\ldots,|E|\}$, ensuring that the vertex sums in $V$ are pairwise distinct, where a vertex sum of a vertex $v$ is defined as the sum of the labels of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-04 Kecai Deng

We show that the vertices and edges of a $d$-dimensional grid graph $G=(V,E)$ ($d\geqslant 2$) can be labeled with the integers from $\{1,\ldots,\lvert V\rvert\}$ and $\{1,\ldots,\lvert E\rvert\}$, respectively, in such a way that for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-10 Rachel Wulan Nirmalasari Wijaya , Joe Ryan , Thomas Kalinowski

A bijective function $f:V\rightarrow\left\{1,2,3,...,|V| \right\}$ is said to be a local distance antimagic labeling of a graph $G=(V,E)$, if $w(u)\neq w(v)$ for any two adjacent vertices $u, v$ where the weight $w(v)=\sum_{z\in N(v)}f(z)$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-24 Divya T , Devi Yamini S

An edge labeling of a connected graph $G = (V,E)$ is said to be local antimagic if it is a bijection $f : E \to \{1, . . . , |E|\}$ such that for any pair of adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x) \ne f^+(y)$, where the induced vertex label…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Gee-Choon Lau , Wai-Chee Shiu , Chee-Xian Soo

Given a graph $G$, a total labeling on $G$ is called edge-antimagic total (respectively, vertex-antimagic total) if all edge-weights (respectively, vertex-weights) are pairwise distinct. If a labeling on $G$ is simultaneously edge-antimagic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-15 Deborah O. A. Ajayi , Abolape D. Akwu

A graph is distance magic if it admits a bijective labeling of its vertices by integers from $1$ up to the order of the graph in such a way that the sum of the labels of all the neighbors of a vertex is independent of a given vertex. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Petr Kovář , Ksenija Rozman , Primož Šparl

In $1990$, Hartsfield and Ringel introduced antimagic graphs. Hartsfield and Ringel conjectured that every connected graph (and in particular, a tree) except $K_2$ is antimagic. In $2010$, Hefetz et al.\ raised two questions: Is every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-19 Dr A. N. Bhavale

A graph $G$ is called edge-magic if there is a bijective function $f$ from the set of vertices and edges to the set $\{1,2,\ldots,|V(G)|+|E(G)|\}$ such that the sum $f(x)+f(xy)+f(y)$ for any $xy$ in $E(G)$ is constant. Such a function is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-10 S. C. López , F. A. Muntaner-Batle , M. Prabu

An edge labeling of a connected graph $G = (V, E)$ is said to be local antimagic if it is a bijection $f:E \to\{1,\ldots ,|E|\}$ such that for any pair of adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x)\not= f^+(y)$, where the induced vertex label…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-07 Gee-Choon Lau , Jianxi Li , Ho-Kuen Ng , Wai-Chee Shiu

Given a graph $G =(V,E)$, a bijection $f: E \rightarrow \{1, 2, \dots,|E|\}$ is called a local antimagic labeling of $G$ if the vertex weight $w(u) = \sum_{uv \in E} f(uv)$ is distinct for all adjacent vertices. The vertex weights under the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-30 Ravindra Pawar , Tarkeshwar Singh , Adarsh Handa , Aloysius Godinho

An edge labeling of a graph $G = (V, E)$ is said to be local antimagic if it is a bijection $f:E \to\{1,\ldots ,|E|\}$ such that for any pair of adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x)\not= f^+(y)$, where the induced vertex label of $x$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Gee-Choon Lau , K. Premalatha , S. Arumugam , Wai-Chee Shiu

An edge labeling of a connected graph $G = (V, E)$ is said to be local antimagic if it is a bijection $f:E \to\{1,\ldots ,|E|\}$ such that for any pair of adjacent vertices $x$ and $y$, $f^+(x)\not= f^+(y)$, where the induced vertex label…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Gee-Choon Lau , Wai-Chee Shiu , Ho-Kuen Ng

Graph labeling is a technique that assigns unique labels or weights to the vertices or edges of a graph, often used to analyze and solve various graph-related problems. There are few methods with certain limitations conducted by researchers…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Arafat Islam , Md. Imtiaz Habib

A {\it local antimagic labeling} of a connected graph $G$ with at least three vertices, is a bijection $f:E(G) \rightarrow \{1,2,\ldots , |E(G)|\}$ such that for any two adjacent vertices $u$ and $v$ of $G$, the condition $\omega _{f}(u)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-25 Saeed Shaebani

Let $G = (V,E)$ be a finite simple undirected graph without isolated vertices. A bijective map $f: V \cup E \rightarrow \{1,2, \dots, |V|+ |E| \}$ is called total local antimagic labeling if for each edge $uv \in E, w(u) \ne w(v)$, where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-07 Ravindra Pawar , Tarkeshwar Singh