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In animal societies as well as in human crowds, many observed collective behaviours result from self-organized processes based on local interactions among individuals. However, models of crowd dynamics are still lacking a systematic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-09-30 Mehdi Moussaid , Dirk Helbing , Simon Garnier , Anders Johansson , Maud Combe , Guy Theraulaz

We present a strategy capable of describing basic features of the dynamics of crowds. The behaviour of the crowd is considered from a twofold perspective. We examine both the large scale behaviour of the crowd, and phenomena happening at…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-08-09 Joep Evers

Understanding the complex behavior of pedestrians walking in crowds is a challenge for both science and technology. In particular, obtaining reliable models for crowd dynamics, capable of exhibiting qualitatively and quantitatively the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-12 Alessandro Corbetta , Luca Bruno , Adrian Muntean , Federico Toschi

We report on two series of experiments, conducted in the frame of two different collaborations designed to study how pedestrians adapt their trajectories and velocities in groups or crowds. Strong emphasis is put on the motivations for the…

Predicting pedestrian behavior is one of the main challenges for intelligent driving systems. In this paper, we present a new paradigm for evaluating egocentric pedestrian trajectory prediction algorithms. Based on various contextual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Amir Rasouli

This work presents a microscopic model to describe pedestrian flows based on the social force theory. The aim of this study is twofold: (1) developing a realistic model that can be used as a tool for designing pedestrian-friendly…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Péter Molnár

Scramble intersections stand as compelling examples of complex systems, shedding light on the pressing challenge of urban mobility. In this paper, we introduce a model aimed at unraveling the statistical intricacies of pedestrian crossing…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-10-04 Eduardo V. Stock , Roberto da Silva

One of the objectives of the pedestrian analysis is to evaluate the effects of proposed policy on the pedestrian facilities before its implementation. The implementation of a policy without pedestrian analysis might lead to a very costly…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-10-05 Kardi Teknomo , Yasushi Takeyama , Hajime Inamura

In this paper we propose a novel macroscopic (fluid dynamics) model for describing pedestrian flow in low and high density regimes. The model is characterized by the fact that the maximal density reachable by the crowd - usually a fixed…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-04-03 Laura Bartoli , Simone Cacace , Emiliano Cristiani , Roberto Ferretti

To better design safe and comfortable urban spaces, understanding the nature of human crowd movement is important. However, precise interactions among pedestrians are difficult to measure in the presence of their complex decision-making…

Simulation models of pedestrian dynamics have become an invaluable tool for evacuation planning. Typically crowds are assumed to stream unidirectionally towards a safe area. Simulated agents avoid collisions through mechanisms that belong…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Benedikt Kleinmeier , Gerta Köster , John Drury

In this paper we present numerical simulations of a macroscopic vision-based model [1] derived from microscopic situation rules described in [2]. This model describes an approach to collision avoidance between pedestrians by taking…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-04-09 N. K. Mahato , A. Klar , S. Tiwari

We develop predictive models of pedestrian dynamics by encoding the coupled nature of multi-pedestrian interaction using game theory, and deep learning-based visual analysis to estimate person-specific behavior parameters. Building…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-29 Wei-Chiu Ma , De-An Huang , Namhoon Lee , Kris M. Kitani

Urban intersections with mixed pedestrian and non-motorized vehicle traffic present complex safety challenges, yet traditional models fail to account for dynamic interactions arising from speed heterogeneity and collision anticipation. This…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-10-07 Chaojia Yu , Kaixin Wang , Junle Li , Jingjie Wang

Ultra-dense crowds, in which physical contact between people cannot be avoided, pose major safety concerns. Nevertheless, the underlying dynamics driving their collective behaviours remain poorly understood. Existing dense crowd models,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-12 Thomas Chatagnon , Mohcine Chraibi , Julien Pettré , Armin Seyfried , Antoine Tordeux

In this paper we deal with pedestrian modeling, aiming at simulating crowd behavior in normal and emergency scenarios, including highly congested mass events. We are specifically concerned with a new agent-based, continuous-in-space,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2023-11-23 E. Cristiani , M. Menci , A. Malagnino , G. G. Amaro

The social-force model is systematically modified to achieve a satisfying agreement with the fundamental diagram. Furthermore, our modification allows an efficient computation of the simulation. Finally, different simulation-results will be…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-06-27 Mohcine Chraibi , Armin Seyfried

Accurate prediction of pedestrian trajectories is crucial for enhancing the safety of autonomous vehicles and reducing traffic fatalities involving pedestrians. While numerous studies have focused on modeling interactions among pedestrians…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Mohammad Ali Rezaei , Fardin Ayar , Ehsan Javanmardi , Manabu Tsukada , Mahdi Javanmardi

Social robot navigation is an evolving research field that aims to find efficient strategies to safely navigate dynamic environments populated by humans. A critical challenge in this domain is the accurate modeling of human motion, which…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Tommaso Van Der Meer , Andrea Garulli , Antonio Giannitrapani , Renato Quartullo

High-fidelity pedestrian tracking in real-life conditions has been an important tool in fundamental crowd dynamics research allowing to quantify statistics of relevant observables including walking velocities, mutual distances and body…