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For an integer $k\geq 2$, let $\{F^{(k)}_{n}\}_{n\geqslant 2-k}$ be the $ k$--generalized Fibonacci sequence which starts with $0, \ldots, 0,1$ (a total of $k$ terms) and for which each term afterwards is the sum of the $k$ preceding terms.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-10 Mahadi Ddamulira , Florian Luca

We define a family of meta-Fibonacci sequences where the order of the of recursion at stage n is a variable r(n), and the n^{th} term of a sequence is the sum of the previous r(n) terms. For the terms of any such sequence, we give upper and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Nathaniel D. Emerson

In this paper we study the Fibonacci numbers and derive some interesting properties and recurrence relations. We prove some charecterizations for $F_p$, where $p$ is a prime of a certain type. We also define period of a Fibonacci sequence…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-11 Alexandre Laugier , Manjil P. Saikia

For a set $A$ of positive integers with $\gcd(A)=1$, let $\langle A \rangle$ denote the set of all finite linear combinations of elements of $A$ over the non-negative integers. Then it is well known that only finitely many positive integers…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-02 Ryan Azim Shaikh , Amitabha Tripathi

We study $B(n;k)$, the number of ways of writing $n$ as a sum or difference of the first $k$ Fibonacci numbers. We show that $B(0;k)$ satisfies the Tribonacci-like recurrence $B(0;k+1)=B(0;k)+B(0;k-1)+B(0;k-2)$ and that $B(n;k)$ satisfies a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Katie Anders , Madeline L. Dawsey , Joseph Vandehey

Fibonacci polynomials are generalizations of Fibonacci numbers, so it is natural to consider polynomial versions of the various results for Fibonacci numbers. According to Hong, Pongsriiam, Bulawa, and Lee, the generating function of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-18 Yuji Tsuno

The sequence of partial sums of Fibonacci numbers, beginning with $2$, $4$, $7$, $12$, $20$, $33,\dots$, has several combinatorial interpretations (OEIS A000071). For instance, the $n$-th term in this sequence is the number of length-$n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-17 Erik Bates , Blan Morrison , Mason Rogers , Arianna Serafini , Anav Sood

The Fibonacci polynomials are defined recursively as $f_{n}(x)=xf_{n-1}(x)+f_{n-2}(x)$, where $f_0(x) = 0$ and $f_1(x)= 1$. We generalize these polynomials to an arbitrary number of variables with the $r$-Fibonacci polynomial. We extend…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-18 Sejin Park , Etienne Phillips , Peikai Qi , Ilir Ziba , Zhan Zhan

The $d$-Fibonacci digraphs $F(d,k)$, introduced here, have the number of vertices following generalized Fibonacci-like sequences. They can be defined both as digraphs on alphabets and as iterated line digraphs. Here we study some of their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-17 C. Dalfó , M. A. Fiol

We give a combinatorial proof of a formula giving the partial sums of the $k$-bonacci sequence as alternating sums of powers of two multiplied by binomial coefficients. As a corollary we obtain a formula for the $k$-bonacci numbers.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-03 Harold R. Parks , Dean C. Wills

One of the most popular and studied recursive series is the Fibonacci sequence. It is challenging to see how Fibonacci numbers can be used to generate other recursive sequences. In our article, we describe some families of integer…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-25 Kálmán Liptai , László Németh , Tamás Szakács , László Szalay

The Fibonacci number is the residue of a rational function, from which follows that Fibonacci number summation identities can be derived with the integral representation method, a method also used to derive combinatorial identities. A…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-10 M. J. Kronenburg

A positive integer $n$ is called a balancing number if there exists a positive integer $r$ such that $1 + 2 + \cdots + (n-1) = (n+1) + (n+2) + \cdots + (n+r)$. The corresponding value $r$ is known as the balancer of $n$. If $n$ is a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Bibhu Prasad Tripathy , Bijan Kumar Patel

The Fibonacci sequence $\mathbb{F}$ is the fixed point beginning with $a$ of morphism $\sigma(a,b)=(ab,a)$. Since $\mathbb{F}$ is uniformly recurrent, each factor $\omega$ appears infinite many times in the sequence which is arranged as…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-04-19 Huang Yuke , Wen Zhiying

Zeckendorf proved that every positive integer can be expressed as the sum of non-consecutive Fibonacci numbers. This theorem inspired a beautiful game, the Zeckendorf Game. Two players begin with $n \ 1$'s and take turns applying rules…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-05 Steven J. Miller , Alexandra Newlon

We give enumerations of various families of restricted permutations involving the Fibonacci numbers or k-generalized Fibonacci numbers.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Eric S. Egge

We study the $k$-Bonacci word over the infinite alphabet $\mathbb{N}$. Since the alphabet is infinite, the usual factor complexity is infinite and does not provide any information. We therefore investigate factor occurrence statistics in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Narges Ghareghani , Mehdi Golafshan , Morteza Mohammad-Noori , Pouyeh Sharifani

We present new expressions for the $k$-generalized Fibonacci numbers, say $F_k(n)$. They satisfy the recurrence $F_k(n) = F_k(n-1) +\dots+F_k(n-k)$. Explicit expressions for the roots of the auxiliary (or characteristic) polynomial are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-27 S. R. Mane

Let $(G_k)_{k\in\mathbb Z}$ be any sequence obeying the recurrence relation of the Fibonacci numbers. We derive formulas for $\sum_{j=1}^n{G_{j + t}^6}$ and $\sum_{j=1}^n{(-1)^{j - 1}G_{j + t}^5(G_{j + t - 1} + G_{j + t + 1})}$, thereby…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-01-19 Kunle Adegoke , Olawanle Layeni

In this paper, for the generalized Fibonacci sequence $\left\{W_n\left(a,b,p,q\right)\right\}$, by using elementary methods and techniques, we give the asymptotic estimation values of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-19 Yongkang Wan , Zhonghao Liang , Qunying Liao