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Pathology image segmentation is crucial in computational pathology for analyzing histological features relevant to cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, current methods face major challenges in clinical applications due to limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Zhixuan Chen , Junlin Hou , Liqi Lin , Yihui Wang , Yequan Bie , Xi Wang , Yanning Zhou , Ronald Cheong Kin Chan , Hao Chen

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a central role in cancer progression, treatment response, and patient outcomes, yet large-scale, consistent, and quantitative TME characterization from routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained…

The characterization of Tumor MicroEnvironment (TME) is challenging due to its complexity and heterogeneity. Relatively consistent TME characteristics embedded within highly specific tissue features, render them difficult to predict. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Fangliangzi Meng , Hongrun Zhang , Ruodan Yan , Guohui Chuai , Chao Li , Qi Liu

The realm of medical image diagnosis has advanced significantly with the integration of computer-aided diagnosis and surgical systems. However, challenges persist, particularly in achieving precise image segmentation. While deep learning…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-24 Mutyyba Asghar , Ahmad Raza Shahid , Akhtar Jamil , Kiran Aftab , Syed Ather Enam

Manual segmentation of medical images (e.g., segmenting tumors in CT scans) is a high-effort task that can be accelerated with machine learning techniques. However, selecting the right segmentation approach depends on the evaluation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Seyed M. R. Modaresi , Aomar Osmani , Mohammadreza Razzazi , Abdelghani Chibani

Tumor segmentation in whole-body PET/CT imaging is crucial for precise disease evaluation and treatment planning. However, it remains challenging due to variability in lesion size, contrast, and anatomical distribution. Relying on manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hussain Alasmawi

Many efforts have been made to discover tumor-specific microenvironment elements (TMEs) from immunostained tissue sections. However, the identification of yet unknown but relevant TMEs from multiplex immunostained tissues remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Daniel Jiménez-Sánchez , Mikel Ariz , Hang Chang , Xavier Matias-Guiu , Carlos E. de Andrea , Carlos Ortiz-de-Solórzano

Pathological structures in medical images are typically deviations from the expected anatomy of a patient. While clinicians consider this interplay between anatomy and pathology, recent deep learning algorithms specialize in recognizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Alexander Jaus , Constantin Seibold , Simon Reiß , Lukas Heine , Anton Schily , Moon Kim , Fin Hendrik Bahnsen , Ken Herrmann , Rainer Stiefelhagen , Jens Kleesiek

Foundation models have recently emerged as powerful feature extractors in computational pathology, yet they typically omit mechanisms for leveraging the global spatial structure of tissues and the local contextual relationships among…

Fully supervised segmentation methods require a large training cohort of already segmented images, providing information at the pixel level of each image. We present a method to automatically segment and model pathologies in medical images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Simon Andermatt , Antal Horváth , Simon Pezold , Philippe Cattin

The cells and their spatial patterns in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a key role in tumor evolution, and yet the latter remains an understudied topic in computational pathology. This study, to the best of our knowledge, is among the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-21 Pingjun Chen , Muhammad Aminu , Siba El Hussein , Joseph D. Khoury , Jia Wu

Automated segmentation of distinct tumor regions is critical for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning in pediatric brain tumors. This study evaluates the efficacy of the Multi-Planner U-Net (MPUnet) approach in segmenting different…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-15 Sumit Pandey , Satyasaran Changdar , Mathias Perslev , Erik B Dam

Breast cancer is one of the most challenging global health problems among women. This study investigates the intricate breast tumor microenvironment (TME) dynamics utilizing data from Mammary-specific Polyomavirus Middle T Antigen…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-11 Navid Mohammad Mirzaei , Panayotis G. Kevrekidis , Leili Shahriyari

Accurate classification of pediatric central nervous system tumors remains challenging due to histological complexity and limited training data. While pathology foundation models have advanced whole-slide image (WSI) analysis, they often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jian Yu , Joakim Nguyen , Jinrui Fang , Awais Naeem , Zeyuan Cao , Sanjay Krishnan , Nicholas Konz , Tianlong Chen , Chandra Krishnan , Hairong Wang , Edward Castillo , Ying Ding , Ankita Shukla

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a spatially heterogeneous ecosystem where cellular interactions shape tumor progression and response to therapy. Multiplexed imaging technologies enable high-resolution spatial characterization of the…

Applications · Statistics 2025-04-04 Joel Eliason , Arvind Rao , Timothy L Frankel , Michele Peruzzi

The interactions between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) dictate therapeutic efficacy of radiation and many systemic therapies in breast cancer. However, to date, there is not a widely available method to reproducibly…

The accurate segmentation of lesions in whole-body PET/CT imaging is es-sential for tumor characterization, treatment planning, and response assess-ment, yet current manual workflows are labor-intensive and prone to inter-observer…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-04 Moona Mazher , Steven A Niederer , Abdul Qayyum

Due to its superior efficiency in utilizing annotations and addressing gigapixel-sized images, multiple instance learning (MIL) has shown great promise as a framework for whole slide image (WSI) classification in digital pathology…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-14 Qiehe Sun , Jiawen Li , Jin Xu , Junru Cheng , Tian Guan , Yonghong He

Whole-slide images are central to digital pathology, yet their extreme size and scarce annotations make self-supervised learning essential. Masked Autoencoders (MAEs) with Vision Transformer backbones have recently shown strong potential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Raneen Younis , Louay Hamdi , Lukas Chavez , Zahra Ahmadi

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) /Computed Tomography (CT) is crucial for diagnosing, managing, and planning treatment for various cancers. Developing reliable deep learning models for the segmentation of tumor lesions in PET/CT scans in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-24 Tanya Chutani , Saikiran Bonthu , Pranab Samanta , Nitin Singhal
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