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Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on massive data capture rich information embedded in the training data. However, this also introduces the risk of privacy leakage, particularly involving personally identifiable information (PII).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Wenshuo Dong , Qingsong Yang , Shu Yang , Lijie Hu , Meng Ding , Wanyu Lin , Tianhang Zheng , Di Wang

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable medical expertise, but data privacy concerns impede their direct use in healthcare environments. Although offering improved data privacy protection, domain-specific small language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Xinlu Zhang , Shiyang Li , Xianjun Yang , Chenxin Tian , Yao Qin , Linda Ruth Petzold

This study explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to analyze text comments from Reddit users, aiming to achieve two primary objectives: firstly, to pinpoint critical excerpts that support a predefined psychological assessment of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Sergi Blanco-Cuaresma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionised the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and have achieved state-of-the-art performance in practically every task in this field. However, the prevalent approach used in text generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Nicolo Micheletti , Samuel Belkadi , Lifeng Han , Goran Nenadic

The rapid deployment of large language models (LLMs) in consumer applications has led to frequent exchanges of personal information. To obtain useful responses, users often share more than necessary, increasing privacy risks via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jijie Zhou , Niloofar Mireshghallah , Tianshi Li

Several pre-training objectives, such as masked language modeling (MLM), have been proposed to pre-train language models (e.g. BERT) with the aim of learning better language representations. However, to the best of our knowledge, no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Ahmed Alajrami , Nikolaos Aletras

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) on sensitive datasets carries a substantial risk of unintended memorization and leakage of Personally Identifiable Information (PII), which can violate privacy regulations and compromise individual…

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have opened up greater opportunities to enable fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) to behave as more powerful interactive agents through improved instruction-following ability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jerry Huang , Peng Lu , Qiuhao Zeng

Fine-tuning has emerged as a critical process in leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for specific downstream tasks, enabling these models to achieve state-of-the-art performance across various domains. However, the fine-tuning process…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Hao Du , Shang Liu , Lele Zheng , Yang Cao , Atsuyoshi Nakamura , Lei Chen

Large Language Model (LLM)-based recommendation systems leverage powerful language models to generate personalized suggestions by processing user interactions and preferences. Unlike traditional recommendation systems that rely on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Tina Khezresmaeilzadeh , Jiang Zhang , Dimitrios Andreadis , Konstantinos Psounis

The process of matching patients with suitable clinical trials is essential for advancing medical research and providing optimal care. However, current approaches face challenges such as data standardization, ethical considerations, and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Jiayi Yuan , Ruixiang Tang , Xiaoqian Jiang , Xia Hu

Language models (LMs) such as BERT and GPT have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP). However, the medical field faces challenges in training LMs due to limited data access and privacy constraints imposed by regulations like the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Le Peng , Gaoxiang Luo , sicheng zhou , jiandong chen , Rui Zhang , Ziyue Xu , Ju Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, yet they also exhibit memorization of their training data. This phenomenon raises critical questions about model behavior, privacy risks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Alexander Xiong , Xuandong Zhao , Aneesh Pappu , Dawn Song

Privacy is a fundamental human right. Data privacy is protected by different regulations, such as GDPR. However, modern large language models require a huge amount of data to learn linguistic variations, and the data often contains private…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Abhirup Sinha , Pritilata Saha , Tithi Saha

Natural language processing (NLP) models may leak private information in different ways, including membership inference, reconstruction or attribute inference attacks. Sensitive information may not be explicit in the text, but hidden in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Pedro Faustini , Shakila Mahjabin Tonni , Annabelle McIver , Qiongkai Xu , Mark Dras

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to memorize significant portions of their training data. Parts of this memorized content have been shown to be extractable by simply querying the model, which poses a privacy risk. We present a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Mustafa Safa Ozdayi , Charith Peris , Jack FitzGerald , Christophe Dupuy , Jimit Majmudar , Haidar Khan , Rahil Parikh , Rahul Gupta

While open Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress, they still fall short of matching the performance of their closed, proprietary counterparts, making the latter attractive even for the use on highly private data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Vincent Hanke , Tom Blanchard , Franziska Boenisch , Iyiola Emmanuel Olatunji , Michael Backes , Adam Dziedzic

The proliferation of visual sensors in smart home environments, particularly through wearable devices like smart glasses, introduces profound privacy challenges. Existing privacy controls are often static and coarse-grained, failing to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Shuning Zhang , Ying Ma , Xin Yi , Hewu Li

Large language model (LLM) personalization aims to align model outputs with individuals' unique preferences and opinions. While recent efforts have implemented various personalization methods, a unified theoretical framework that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xinliang Frederick Zhang , Nick Beauchamp , Lu Wang

Privacy preserving deep learning is an emerging field in machine learning that aims to mitigate the privacy risks in the use of deep neural networks. One such risk is training data extraction from language models that have been trained on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Andor Diera , Nicolas Lell , Aygul Garifullina , Ansgar Scherp
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