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The language generation and reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have enabled conversational systems with impressive performance in a variety of tasks, from code generation, to composing essays, to passing STEM and legal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Konstantina Christakopoulou , Iris Qu , John Canny , Andrew Goodridge , Cj Adams , Minmin Chen , Maja Matarić

While Large language models (LLMs) have the capability to iteratively reflect on their own outputs, recent studies have observed their struggles with knowledge-rich problems without access to external resources. In addition to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Hanqi Yan , Qinglin Zhu , Xinyu Wang , Lin Gui , Yulan He

This article explores the dynamic influence of computational entities based on multi-agent systems theory (SMA) combined with large language models (LLM), which are characterized by their ability to simulate complex human interactions, as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Carlos Jose Xavier Cruz

Generative large language models (LLMs) with instruct training such as GPT-4 can follow human-provided instruction prompts and generate human-like responses to these prompts. Apart from natural language responses, they have also been found…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Sumit Kumar Jha , Susmit Jha , Patrick Lincoln , Nathaniel D. Bastian , Alvaro Velasquez , Rickard Ewetz , Sandeep Neema

Human interactions are deeply rooted in the interplay of thoughts, beliefs, and desires made possible by Theory of Mind (ToM): our cognitive ability to understand the mental states of ourselves and others. Although ToM may come naturally to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Alex Wilf , Sihyun Shawn Lee , Paul Pu Liang , Louis-Philippe Morency

Real-world path planning tasks typically involve multiple constraints beyond simple route optimization, such as the number of routes, maximum route length, depot locations, and task-specific requirements. Traditional approaches rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Dylan Shim , Minghan Wei

Multi-Agent Large Language Models (LLMs) are gaining significant attention for their ability to harness collective intelligence in complex problem-solving, decision-making, and planning tasks. This aligns with the concept of the wisdom of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Abdullah Mushtaq , Muhammad Rafay Naeem , Ibrahim Ghaznavi , Muhammad Imran Taj , Imran Hashmi , Junaid Qadir

The combination of Large Language Models (LLMs), systematic evaluation, and evolutionary algorithms has enabled breakthroughs in combinatorial optimization and scientific discovery. We propose to extend this powerful combination to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Carlo Bosio , Mark W. Mueller

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements in natural language processing. However, the massive scale and computational demands of these models present formidable challenges when considering their practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Weize Liu , Guocong Li , Kai Zhang , Bang Du , Qiyuan Chen , Xuming Hu , Hongxia Xu , Jintai Chen , Jian Wu

Empathetic dialogue is an indispensable part of building harmonious social relationships and contributes to the development of a helpful AI. Previous approaches are mainly based on fine small-scale language models. With the advent of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Yushan Qian , Wei-Nan Zhang , Ting Liu

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have witnessed remarkable advancements, with the test-time scaling law consistently enhancing the reasoning capabilities. Through systematic evaluation and exploration of a diverse spectrum of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Chenyang Shao , Sijian Ren , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

Language is a ubiquitous tool that is foundational to reasoning and collaboration, ranging from everyday interactions to sophisticated problem-solving tasks. The establishment of a common language can serve as a powerful asset in ensuring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Dom Huh , Prasant Mohapatra

This paper investigates the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in formulating and solving decision-making problems using mathematical programming. We first conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent literature to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mohammad J. Abdel-Rahman , Yasmeen Alslman , Dania Refai , Amro Saleh , Malik A. Abu Loha , Mohammad Yahya Hamed

The development of large language models (LLMs) is limited by a lack of explainability, the absence of a unifying theory, and prohibitive operational costs. We propose a neuro-theoretical framework for the emergence of intelligence in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wu Yonggang

Attaining a high degree of user controllability in visual generation often requires intricate, fine-grained inputs like layouts. However, such inputs impose a substantial burden on users when compared to simple text inputs. To address the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Weixi Feng , Wanrong Zhu , Tsu-jui Fu , Varun Jampani , Arjun Akula , Xuehai He , Sugato Basu , Xin Eric Wang , William Yang Wang

We present Thinking with Generated Images, a novel paradigm that fundamentally transforms how large multimodal models (LMMs) engage with visual reasoning by enabling them to natively think across text and vision modalities through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Ethan Chern , Zhulin Hu , Steffi Chern , Siqi Kou , Jiadi Su , Yan Ma , Zhijie Deng , Pengfei Liu

Human reasoning involves different strategies, each suited to specific problems. Prior work shows that large language model (LLMs) tend to favor a single reasoning strategy, potentially limiting their effectiveness in diverse reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yanjian Zhang , Guillaume Wisniewski , Nadi Tomeh , Thierry Charnois

Decision conferences are structured, collaborative meetings that bring together experts from various fields to address complex issues and reach a consensus on recommendations for future actions or policies. These conferences often rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Selina Heller , Mohamed Ibrahim , David Antony Selby , Sebastian Vollmer

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

Large language models (LLMs), such as GPT-3 and GPT-4, have demonstrated exceptional performance in various natural language processing tasks and have shown the ability to solve certain reasoning problems. However, their reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Adam Ishay , Zhun Yang , Joohyung Lee