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Related papers: Martingale Posteriors from Score Functions

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Bayesian inference involves the specification of a statistical model by a statistician or practitioner, with careful thought about what each parameter represents. This results in particularly interpretable models which can be used to…

Computation · Statistics 2019-08-07 Jonathan Law , Darren Wilkinson

Score matching is an estimation procedure that has been developed for statistical models whose probability density function is known up to proportionality but whose normalizing constant is intractable, so that maximum likelihood is…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-23 Jiazhen Xu , Janice L. Scealy , Andrew T. A. Wood , Tao Zou

Scenario-based testing of automated driving functions has become a promising method to reduce time and cost compared to real-world testing. In scenario-based testing automated functions are evaluated in a set of pre-defined scenarios. These…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Christoph Glasmacher , Michael Schuldes , Sleiman El Masri , Lutz Eckstein

Priors are essential for reconstructing images from noisy and/or incomplete measurements. The choice of the prior determines both the quality and uncertainty of recovered images. We propose turning score-based diffusion models into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Berthy T. Feng , Jamie Smith , Michael Rubinstein , Huiwen Chang , Katherine L. Bouman , William T. Freeman

A fundamental class of inferential problems are those characterised by there having been a substantial degree of pre-data (or prior) belief that the value of a model parameter was equal or lay close to a specified value, which may, for…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2021-01-26 Russell J. Bowater

We propose a fully Bayesian approach for causal inference with multivariate categorical data based on staged tree models, a class of probabilistic graphical models capable of representing asymmetric and context-specific dependencies. To…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-06 Andrea Cremaschi , Manuele Leonelli , Gherardo Varando

A multivariate score-driven filter is developed to extract signals from noisy vector processes. By assuming that the conditional location vector from a multivariate Student's t distribution changes over time, we construct a robust filter…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-08-31 Enzo D'Innocenzo , Alessandra Luati , Mario Mazzocchi

This paper introduces and studies a new class of nonparametric prior distributions. Random probability distribution functions are constructed via normalization of random measures driven by increasing additive processes. In particular, we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Luis E. Nieto-Barajas , Igor Prunster , Stephen G. Walker

Statistical models for multivariate data often include a semi-orthogonal matrix parameter. In many applications, there is reason to expect that the semi-orthogonal matrix parameter satisfies a structural assumption such as sparsity or…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-21 Michael Jauch , Marie-Christine Düker , Peter Hoff

Estimation of parameters that obey specific constraints is crucial in statistics and machine learning; for example, when parameters are required to satisfy boundedness, monotonicity, or linear inequalities. Traditional approaches impose…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-03 Lachlan Astfalck , Deborshee Sen , Sayan Patra , Edward Cripps , David Dunson

In many domains, we are interested in analyzing the structure of the underlying distribution, e.g., whether one variable is a direct parent of the other. Bayesian model-selection attempts to find the MAP model and use its structure to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Nir Friedman , Daphne Koller

Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods have become a cornerstone of many modern scientific analyses by providing a straightforward approach to numerically estimate uncertainties in the parameters of a model using a sequence of random…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2020-03-10 Joshua S. Speagle

This paper introduces a martingale that characterizes two properties of evolving forecast distributions. Ideal forecasts of a future event behave as martingales, sequen- tially updating the forecast to leverage the available information as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Dean P. Foster , Robert A. Stine

Methods that rely on proxies, without imposing strong parametric structure, are increasingly used to deal with unobserved variables in causal inference. One influential line of this work reconstructs latent distributions used to identify…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-12 Helen Guo , Ilya Shpitser , Elizabeth L. Ogburn

Prior-data fitted networks (PFNs) have emerged as promising foundation models for prediction from tabular datasets, achieving state-of-the-art performance on small to moderate data sizes without tuning. While PFNs are motivated by Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-11 Thomas Nagler , David Rügamer

Computing reachability probabilities is a fundamental problem in the analysis of probabilistic programs. This paper aims at a comprehensive and comparative account on various martingale-based methods for over- and under-approximating…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Toru Takisaka , Yuichiro Oyabu , Natsuki Urabe , Ichiro Hasuo

Compared to the nominal scale, the ordinal scale for a categorical outcome variable has the property of making a monotonicity assumption for the covariate effects meaningful. This assumption is encoded in the commonly used proportional odds…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-04 Olli Saarela , Christian Rohrbeck , Elja Arjas

Score-based models have achieved remarkable results in the generative modeling of many domains. By learning the gradient of smoothed data distribution, they can iteratively generate samples from complex distribution e.g. natural images.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Binxu Wang , John J. Vastola

Model uncertainty is pervasive in real world analysis situations and is an often-neglected issue in applied statistics. However, standard approaches to the research process do not address the inherent uncertainty in model building and,…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-01 Mariana Nold , Florian Meinfelder , David Kaplan

Propensity scores are often used for stratification of treatment and control groups of subjects in observational data to remove confounding bias when estimating of causal effect of the treatment on an outcome in so-called potential outcome…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Priyantha Wijayatunga