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Simulating quantum many-body systems (QMBS) is one of the long-standing, highly non-trivial challenges in condensed matter physics and quantum information due to the exponentially growing size of the system's Hilbert space. To date, tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Belal Abouraya , Jirawat Saiphet , Fedor Jelezko , Ressa S. Said

Clifford gates and transformations, which map products of elementary Pauli or Majorana operators to other such products, are foundational in quantum computing, underpinning the stabilizer formalism, error-correcting codes, magic state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Ilias Magoulas , Francesco A. Evangelista

We study the classical compilation of quantum circuits for the preparation of matrix product states (MPS), which are quantum states of low entanglement with an efficient classical description. Our algorithm represents a near-term…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Refik Mansuroglu , Norbert Schuch

The Gottesman-Knill theorem asserts that quantum circuits composed solely of Clifford gates can be efficiently simulated classically. This theorem hinges on the fact that Clifford gates map Pauli strings to other Pauli strings, thereby…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 George Biswas

Density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) or matrix product states (MPS) is the most effective and accurate method for studying one-dimensional quantum many-body systems. However, the application of DMRG to two-dimensional systems is not…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-11-25 Xiangjian Qian , Mingpu Qin

Quantum circuits are considered more powerful than classical circuits and require exponential resources to simulate classically. Clifford circuits are a special class of quantum circuits that can be simulated in polynomial time but still…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Yuchen Pang , Edgar Solomonik

Just as matrix product states represent ground states of one-dimensional quantum spin systems faithfully, continuous matrix product states (cMPS) provide faithful representations of the vacuum of interacting field theories in one spatial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-20 Benoît Tuybens , Jacopo De Nardis , Jutho Haegeman , Frank Verstraete

The continuous matrix product state (cMPS) ansatz is a promising numerical tool for studying quantum many-body systems in continuous space. Although it provides a clean framework that allows one to directly simulate continuous systems, the…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2026-01-01 Wei Tang , Benoît Tuybens , Jutho Haegeman

The Gottesman-Knill theorem says that a stabilizer circuit -- that is, a quantum circuit consisting solely of CNOT, Hadamard, and phase gates -- can be simulated efficiently on a classical computer. This paper improves that theorem in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Scott Aaronson , Daniel Gottesman

We describe a matrix product state (MPS) extension for the Fermionic Quantum Emulator (FQE) software library. We discuss the theory behind symmetry adapted matrix product states for approximating many-body wavefunctions of spin-1/2…

We propose a method for the efficient quantum simulation of fermionic systems with superconducting circuits. It consists in the suitable use of Jordan-Wigner mapping, Trotter decomposition, and multiqubit gates, be with the use of a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-01 U. Las Heras , L. García-Álvarez , A. Mezzacapo , E. Solano , L. Lamata

Tensor network methods have progressed from variational techniques based on matrix-product states able to compute properties of one-dimensional condensed-matter lattice models into methods rooted in more elaborate states such as projected…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-08-23 C. Krumnow , L. Veis , J. Eisert , Ö. Legeza

The Gottesman-Knill theorem asserts that a quantum circuit composed of Clifford gates can be efficiently simulated on a classical computer. Here we revisit this theorem and extend it to quantum circuits composed of Clifford and T gates,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-11 Sergey Bravyi , David Gosset

We extend the formalism of Matrix Product States (MPS) to describe one-dimensional gapped systems of fermions with both unitary and anti-unitary symmetries. Additionally, systems with orientation-reversing spatial symmetries are considered.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-01-24 Alex Turzillo , Minyoung You

Gaussian fermionic matrix product states (GfMPS) form a class of ansatz quantum states for 1d systems of noninteracting fermions. We show, for a simple critical model of free hopping fermions, that: (i) any GfMPS approximation to its ground…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-28 Adrián Franco-Rubio , J. Ignacio Cirac

Recent work by Wu {\em et al.} [arXiv:1910.11011] proposed a numerical method, so-called matrix product operator-matrix product state (MPO-MPS) method, by which several types of quantum many-body wave functions, in particular, the projected…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-04-29 Hui-Ke Jin , Hong-Hao Tu , Yi Zhou

Continuous Matrix Product States (cMPS) are powerful variational ansatz states for ground states of continuous quantum field theories in (1+1) dimension. In this paper we introduce a novel parametrization of the cMPS wave function based on…

Computational Physics · Physics 2017-12-06 Martin Ganahl

We significantly enhance the simulation accuracy of initial Trotter circuits for Hamiltonian simulation of quantum systems by integrating first-order Riemannian optimization with tensor network methods. Unlike previous approaches, our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Isabel Nha Minh Le , Shuo Sun , Christian B. Mendl

Matrix product states (MPS) illustrate the suitability of tensor networks for the description of interacting many-body systems: ground states of gapped $1$-D systems are approximable by MPS as shown by Hastings [J. Stat. Mech. Theor. Exp.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Robert Koenig , Volkher B. Scholz

The term Tensor Network States (TNS) refers to a number of families of states that represent different ans\"atze for the efficient description of the state of a quantum many-body system. Matrix Product States (MPS) are one particular case…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2014-02-04 Mari Carmen Bañuls , Krzysztof Cichy , J. Ignacio Cirac , Karl Jansen , Hana Saito