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Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) have shown significant impact through their model capacity, scalability, and zero-shot generalization. However, due to the heterogeneity of inter-variate dependencies and the backbone scalability on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Guo Qin , Zhi Chen , Yong Liu , Zhiyuan Shi , Haixuan Liu , Xiangdong Huang , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

In the World Wide Web, reliable time series forecasts provide the forward-looking signals that drive resource planning, cache placement, and anomaly response, enabling platforms to operate efficiently as user behavior and content…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Kuiye Ding , Fanda Fan , Zheya Wang , Hongxiao Li , Yifan Wang , Lei Wang , Chunjie Luo , Jianfeng Zhan

Time series analysis remains a major challenge due to its sparse characteristics, high dimensionality, and inconsistent data quality. Recent advancements in transformer-based techniques have enhanced capabilities in forecasting and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Robert Leppich , Vanessa Borst , Veronika Lesch , Samuel Kounev

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has proven effective in integrating knowledge into large language models (LLMs). However, conventional RAGs struggle to capture complex relationships between pieces of knowledge, limiting their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Linhao Luo , Zicheng Zhao , Gholamreza Haffari , Dinh Phung , Chen Gong , Shirui Pan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves large language models by retrieving external knowledge, often truncated into smaller chunks due to the input context window, which leads to information loss, resulting in response hallucinations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jie Zhang , Bo Tang , Wanzi Shao , Wenqiang Wei , Jihao Zhao , Jianqing Zhu , Zhiyu li , Wen Xi , Zehao Lin , Feiyu Xiong , Yanchao Tan

Most existing Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) use channel independent modeling and focus on capturing and generalizing temporal dependencies, while neglecting the correlations among channels or overlooking the different aspects of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hanyin Cheng , Xingjian Wu , Yang Shu , Zhongwen Rao , Lujia Pan , Bin Yang , Chenjuan Guo

Recent advancements have underscored the impact of deep learning techniques on multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF). Generally, these techniques are bifurcated into two categories: Channel-independence and Channel-mixing approaches.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Shiyi Qi , Liangjian Wen , Yiduo Li , Yuanhang Yang , Zhe Li , Zhongwen Rao , Lujia Pan , Zenglin Xu

In this paper, we introduce TimeGPT, the first foundation model for time series, capable of generating accurate predictions for diverse datasets not seen during training. We evaluate our pre-trained model against established statistical,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Azul Garza , Cristian Challu , Max Mergenthaler-Canseco

Current time series foundation models (TSFMs) primarily focus on learning prevalent and regular patterns within a predefined time or frequency domain to enable supervised downstream tasks (e.g., forecasting). Consequently, they are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hui He , Hezhe Qiao , Yutong Chen , Kun Yi , Guansong Pang

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) are revolutionizing the forecasting landscape from specific dataset modeling to generalizable task evaluation. However, we contend that existing benchmarks exhibit common limitations in four dimensions:…

Time series data appears in a variety of applications such as smart transportation and environmental monitoring. One of the fundamental problems for time series analysis is time series forecasting. Despite the success of recent deep time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Baoyu Jing , Si Zhang , Yada Zhu , Bin Peng , Kaiyu Guan , Andrew Margenot , Hanghang Tong

Foundation models have revolutionized artificial intelligence, yet their application in recommender systems remains limited by reasoning opacity and knowledge constraints. This paper introduces AgenticRAG, a novel framework that combines…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Bo Ma , Hang Li , ZeHua Hu , XiaoFan Gui , LuYao Liu , Simon Liu

The probability prediction of multivariate time series is a notoriously challenging but practical task. On the one hand, the challenge is how to effectively capture the cross-series correlations between interacting time series, to achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Shibo Feng , Chunyan Miao , Ke Xu , Jiaxiang Wu , Pengcheng Wu , Yang Zhang , Peilin Zhao

Conventional time-series forecasting methods typically aim to minimize overall prediction error, without accounting for the varying importance of different forecast ranges in downstream applications. We propose a training methodology that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Luca-Andrei Fechete , Mohamed Sana , Fadhel Ayed , Nicola Piovesan , Wenjie Li , Antonio De Domenico , Tareq Si Salem

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) require diverse, real-world datasets to adapt across varying domains and temporal frequencies. However, current large-scale datasets predominantly focus on low-frequency time series with sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Subina Khanal , Seshu Tirupathi , Merim Dzaferagic , Marco Ruffini , Torben Bach Pedersen

Diffusion models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in generative modeling tasks across various domains. Prior works on time series diffusion models have primarily focused on developing conditional models tailored to specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Marcel Kollovieh , Abdul Fatir Ansari , Michael Bohlke-Schneider , Jasper Zschiegner , Hao Wang , Yuyang Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems commonly adopt retrieval fusion techniques such as multi-query retrieval and reciprocal rank fusion (RRF) to increase document recall, under the assumption that higher recall leads to better…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Luigi Medrano , Arush Verma , Mukul Chhabra

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves factual grounding in large language models but suffers from substantial latency due to synchronous retrieval. While recent work explores asynchronous retrieval, existing approaches rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wuyang Zhang , Shichao Pei

This paper introduces FANTF (Fuzzy Attention Network-Based Transformers), a novel approach that integrates fuzzy logic with existing transformer architectures to advance time series forecasting, classification, and anomaly detection tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Sanjay Chakraborty , Fredrik Heintz

A foundation model is a machine learning model trained on a large and diverse set of data, typically using self-supervised learning-based pre-training techniques, that can be adapted to various downstream tasks. However, current research on…