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Many combinatorial optimization problems can be formulated as the search for a subgraph that satisfies certain properties and minimizes the total weight. We assume here that the vertices correspond to points in a metric space and can take…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Marin Bougeret , Jérémy Omer , Michael Poss

The spectrum of a network or graph $G=(V,E)$ with adjacency matrix $A$, consists of the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian $L= I - D^{-1/2} A D^{-1/2}$. This set of eigenvalues encapsulates many aspects of the structure of the graph,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-12-06 David Cohen-Steiner , Weihao Kong , Christian Sohler , Gregory Valiant

We provide upper and lower bounds on the smallest eigenvalue of grounded Laplacian matrices (which are matrices obtained by removing certain rows and columns of the Laplacian matrix of a given graph). The gap between the upper and lower…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-08 Mohammad Pirani , Shreyas Sundaram

We prove optimal convergence rates for eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian on Poisson point clouds. Our results are valid down to the critical percolation threshold, yielding error estimates for relatively sparse graphs.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-12-14 Scott Armstrong , Raghavendra Venkatraman

We study distributed optimization of finite-degree polynomial Laplacian spectral objectives under fixed topology and a global weight budget, targeting the collective behavior of the entire spectrum rather than a few extremal eigenvalues. By…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Jitian Liu , Nicolas Kozachuk , Subhrajit Bhattacharya

We tackle the network topology inference problem by utilizing Laplacian constrained Gaussian graphical models, which recast the task as estimating a precision matrix in the form of a graph Laplacian. Recent research \cite{ying2020nonconvex}…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jiaxi Ying , Xi Han , Rui Zhou , Xiwen Wang , Hing Cheung So

We undertake a systematic investigation of the maxima and minima of the eigenfunctions associated with the first nontrivial eigenvalue of the Laplacian on a metric graph equipped with standard (continuity--Kirchhoff) vertex conditions. This…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-05 James B. Kennedy , Jonathan Rohleder

A few years ago various disparities for Laplacians on graphs and manifolds were discovered. The corresponding results are mostly related to volume growth in the context of unbounded geometry. Indeed, these disparities can now be resolved by…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-25 Matthias Keller

Given a sample from a probability measure with support on a submanifold in Euclidean space one can construct a neighborhood graph which can be seen as an approximation of the submanifold. The graph Laplacian of such a graph is used in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-27 Matthias Hein , Jean-Yves Audibert , Ulrike von Luxburg

This is a tutorial and survey paper for nonlinear dimensionality and feature extraction methods which are based on the Laplacian of graph of data. We first introduce adjacency matrix, definition of Laplacian matrix, and the interpretation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-09 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

Convolutional layers within graph neural networks operate by aggregating information about local neighbourhood structures; one common way to encode such substructures is through random walks. The distribution of these random walks evolves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Csaba Toth , Darrick Lee , Celia Hacker , Harald Oberhauser

We develop eigenvalue estimates for the Laplacians on discrete and metric graphs using different types of boundary conditions at the vertices of the metric graph. Via an explicit correspondence of the equilateral metric and discrete graph…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2008-04-08 Olaf Post , Fernando Lledo

In this letter, we study distributed optimization, where a network of agents, abstracted as a directed graph, collaborates to minimize the average of locally-known convex functions. Most of the existing approaches over directed graphs are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-08 Ran Xin , Usman A. Khan

We review the properties of eigenvectors for the graph Laplacian matrix, aiming at predicting a specific eigenvalue/vector from the geometry of the graph. After considering classical graphs for which the spectrum is known, we focus on…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-23 J. -G. Caputo , A. Knippel

Given a regular (connected) graph $\Gamma=(X,E)$ with adjacency matrix $A$, $d+1$ distinct eigenvalues, and diameter $D$, we give a characterization of when its distance matrix $A_D$ is a polynomial in $A$, in terms of the adjacency…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-05 M. A. Fiol , Safet Penjić

We show that, with very high probability, the random graph Laplacian has simple spectrum. Our method provides a quantitatively effective estimate of the spectral gaps. Along the way, we establish results on affine no-gaps delocalization,…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Nicholas Christoffersen , Kyle Luh , Hoi H. Nguyen , Jingheng Wang

The Laplacian matrix and its pseudo-inverse for a strongly connected directed graph is fundamental in computing many properties of a directed graph. Examples include random-walk centrality and betweenness measures, average hitting and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-16 Daniel Boley

We devise methods for finding approximations of the generalized inverse of the graph Laplacian matrix, which arises in many graph-theoretic applications. Finding this matrix in its entirety involves solving a matrix inversion problem, which…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2012-05-23 Enrico Bozzo , Massimo Franceschet

This note introduces a result on the location of eigenvalues, i.e., the spectrum, of the Laplacian for a family of undirected graphs with self-loops. We extend on the known results for the spectrum of undirected graphs without self-loops or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-06-09 Behcet Acikmese

Laplacian Eigenvectors of the graph constructed from a data set are used in many spectral manifold learning algorithms such as diffusion maps and spectral clustering. Given a graph constructed from a random sample of a $d$-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-29 Xu Wang