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Personalized instruction aims to provide learners with support that adapts to their individual knowledge and progress toward learning objectives. Discovering and tracing Knowledge Components (KCs) is an important step in building accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Muntasir Hoq , Griffin Pitts , Tirth Bhatt , Aum Pandya , Andrew Lan , Peter Brusilovsky , Bita Akram

Cognitive diagnosis seeks to estimate the cognitive states of students by exploring their logged practice quiz data. It plays a pivotal role in personalized learning guidance within intelligent education systems. In this paper, we focus on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Weibo Gao , Qi Liu , Hao Wang , Linan Yue , Haoyang Bi , Yin Gu , Fangzhou Yao , Zheng Zhang , Xin Li , Yuanjing He

The Common Model of Cognition (CMC) provides an abstract characterization of the structure and processing required by a cognitive architecture for human-like minds. We propose a unified approach to integrating metacognition within the CMC.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 John Laird , Christian Lebiere , Paul Rosenbloom , Andrea Stocco

Cognitive Diagnosis~(CD), which leverages students and exercise data to predict students' proficiency levels on different knowledge concepts, is one of fundamental components in Intelligent Education. Due to the scarcity of student-exercise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Dacao Zhang , Kun Zhang , Le Wu , Mi Tian , Richang Hong , Meng Wang

Existing knowledge distillation (KD) methods have demonstrated their ability in achieving student network performance on par with their teachers. However, the knowledge gap between the teacher and student remains significant and may hinder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Shuoxi Zhang , Zijian Song , Kun He

Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems play a crucial role in analyzing neuroimaging data for neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, small-sample studies suffer from low reproducibility, while large-scale datasets introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xinglin Zhao , Yanwen Wang , Xiaobo Liu , Yanrong Hao , Rui Cao , Xin Wen

Disorders of consciousness are a heterogeneous mixture of different diseases or injuries. Although some indicators and models have been proposed for prognostication, any single method when used alone carries a high risk of false prediction.…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-09-10 Ming Song , Yi Yang , Jianghong He , Zhengyi Yang , Shan Yu , Qiuyou Xie , Xiaoyu Xia , Yuanyuan Dang , Qiang Zhang , Xinhuai Wu , Yue Cui , Bing Hou , Ronghao Yu , Ruxiang Xu , Tianzi Jiang

Cognitive assessment is a growing area in psychological and educational measurement, where tests are given to assess mastery/deficiency of attributes or skills. A key issue is the correct identification of attributes associated with items…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Jingchen Liu , Gongjun Xu , Zhiliang Ying

Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs) provide reasoning and inquiry guidance for physicians, yet they face notable challenges, including high maintenance costs and low generalization capability. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yue Guo , Fanfu Wang , Jianwei Lv , Xincheng Shi , Yuchen Li , Youya Wang , Yunsheng Zeng , Yujing Liu , Yunhao Qiao , Gen Li , Junfeng Wang , Bo Yuan

Traditional model-based diagnosis relies on constructing explicit system models, a process that can be laborious and expertise-demanding. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that combines concepts of model-based diagnosis with deep…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Jan Lukas Augustin , Oliver Niggemann

Linguistic features have shown promising applications for detecting various cognitive impairments. To improve detection accuracies, increasing the amount of data or the number of linguistic features have been two applicable approaches.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-29 Zining Zhu , Jekaterina Novikova , Frank Rudzicz

Brain decoding involves the determination of a subject's cognitive state or an associated stimulus from functional neuroimaging data measuring brain activity. In this setting the cognitive state is typically characterized by an element of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-14 Nicole Croteau , Farouk S. Nathoo , Jiguo Cao , Ryan Budney

Cognitive effort, defined as the relationship between cognitive load and task performance, provides insight into how individuals allocate mental resources during demanding tasks. This construct is particularly important in high-stakes…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Shayla Sharmin , Mohammad Fahim Abrar , Gael Lucero-Palacios , Aditya Raikwar , Roghayeh Leila Barmaki

Presently, knowledge graph-based recommendation algorithms have garnered considerable attention among researchers. However, these algorithms solely consider knowledge graphs with single relationships and do not effectively model…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Linqing Li , Zhifeng Wang

Intelligent learning diagnosis is a critical engine of intelligent tutoring systems, which aims to estimate learners' current knowledge mastery status and predict their future learning performance. The significant challenge with traditional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Zhifeng Wang , Wenxing Yan , Chunyan Zeng , Shi Dong

Learning Classifier Systems (LCS) are population-based reinforcement learners that were originally designed to model various cognitive phenomena. This paper presents an explicitly cognitive LCS by using spiking neural networks as…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-09-01 David Howard , Larry Bull , Pier-Luca Lanzi

Cognitive diagnostic assessment aims to measure specific knowledge structures in students. To model data arising from such assessments, cognitive diagnostic models with discrete latent variables have gained popularity in educational and…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-25 Seunghyun Lee , Yuqi Gu

Multi-task learning for advanced driver assistance systems requires modeling the complex interplay between driver internal states and external traffic environments. However, existing methods treat recognition tasks as flat and independent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Keito Inoshita , Nobuhiro Hayashida , Akira Imanishi

Cognitive diagnosis is an essential task in many educational applications. Many solutions have been designed in the literature. The deterministic input, noisy "and" gate (DINA) model is a classical cognitive diagnosis model and can provide…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Lu Dong , Zhenhua Ling , Qiang Ling , Zefeng Lai

Computational Thinking (CT) has emerged as a critical component in modern education, essential to equip students with the skills necessary to thrive in a technology-driven world. This survey provides a comprehensive analysis of the presence…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Roberto Massi De Oliveira , M^onica Cristina Garbin , Rodolfo Azevedo