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To the student of thermodynamics the most difficult subject is entropy. In this paper we examine the actual, practical application of entropy to two simple systems, the homogeneous slab with fixed boundary values of the temperature, and an…
New, superfluid specific additive integral of motion is found. This facilitates investigation of general thermodynamic equilibrium conditions for superfluid. The analysis is performed in an extended space of thermodynamic variables…
This paper starts from a toy model for inflation in a class of modified theories of gravity in the metric formalism. Instead of the standard procedure -- assuming a non-linear Lagrangian $f(R)$ in the Jordan frame -- we start from a simple…
The microscopic dynamics of one-dimensional self-gravitating many-body systems is studied. We examine two courses of the evolution which has the isothermal and stationary water-bag distribution as initial conditions. We investigate the…
For a static, perfect fluid sphere with a general equation of state, we obtain the relativistic equation of hydrostatic equilibrium, namely the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkov equation, as the thermodynamical equilibrium in the microcanonical, as…
In this paper, we investigate the thermodynamic aspects of quadratic gravity in a $D$-dimensional Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe. First, we derive the field equations and the effective energy-momentum tensor for…
In terms of fundamental principles of quantum theory of interacting particles and relativistic kinetic theory there was carried out an analysis of the main principle of standard cosmological scenario - the initial existence of local…
A kinetic and hydrodynamic descriptions are developed in order to analyze the instabilities of a granular gas in the presence of a gravitational field. In the kinetic description the Boltzmann equation is coupled with the Poisson equation,…
We study fluidized granular gases in a stationary state determined by the balance between an external driving and the bulk dissipation. The two considered situations are inspired by recent experiments, where the gravity plays a major role…
The goal of the paper is to derive a revised condition of global equilibrium in complex chemical systems as variational principle in formalism of recently developed discrete thermodynamics (DTD) of chemical equilibria. In classical approach…
We study the properties of gravitational system in finite regions bounded by gravitational screens. We present the detail construction of the total energy of such regions and of the energy and momentum balance equations due to the flow of…
In this paper we have discussed the modified gravity and scalar field DE model specifically DBI essence model with the analysis of thermodynamics during cosmological evolution. We have used the modified gravity with the form…
In this work, we have investigated the validity of GSL of thermodynamics in a universe (open, closed and flat) governed by Ho$\check{\text r}$ava-Lifshitz gravity. If the universe contains barotropic fluid the corresponding solutions have…
On the basis of the balance equations for energy-momentum, spin, particle and entropy density, an approach is considered which represents a comparatively general framework for special- and general-relativistic continuum thermodynamics. In…
We develop an approach to liquid thermodynamics based on collective modes. We perform extensive molecular dynamics simulations of noble, molecular and metallic liquids and provide the direct evidence that liquid energy and specific heat are…
We introduce the ideal Gaussian glass-forming system as a model to describe the thermodynamics and dynamics of supercooled liquids on a local scale in terms of the properties of the potential energy landscape (PEL). The first ingredient is…
We consider the governing equations for the motion of the viscous fluids in two moving domains and an evolving surface from both energetic and thermodynamic points of view. We make mathematical models for multiphase flow with surface flow…
We assume that markovian dynamics on a finite graph enjoys a gauge symmetry under local scalings of the probability density, derive the transformation law for the transition rates and interpret the thermodynamic force as a gauge potential.…
The fact that the equations of motion for matter remain invariant when a constant is added to the Lagrangian suggests postulating that the field equations of gravity should also respect this symmetry. This principle implies that: (1) the…
The entropy principle shows that, for self-gravitating perfect fluid, the Einstein field equations can be derived from the extrema of the total entropy, and the thermodynamical stability criterion are equivalent to the dynamical stability…