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Pre-trained LLMs have demonstrated substantial capabilities across a range of conventional natural language processing (NLP) tasks, such as summarization and entity recognition. In this paper, we explore the application of LLMs in the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-14 Kamyar Zeinalipour , Neda Jamshidi , Monica Bianchini , Marco Maggini , Marco Gori

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in replicating human-like abilities, there are concerns about a reduction in the linguistic diversity of their outputs. This results in the homogenization of viewpoints and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Long Mai , Julie Carson-Berndsen

With the emergence of Transformer architectures and their powerful understanding of textual data, a new horizon has opened up to predict the molecular properties based on text description. While SMILES are the most common form of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-10-11 Suryanarayanan Balaji , Rishikesh Magar , Yayati Jadhav , Amir Barati Farimani

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, which fine-tune only a subset of model parameters, offer a promising solution by reducing the computational costs of tuning large language models (LLMs) while maintaining their performance.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 André Storhaug , Jingyue Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in open-ended text generation tasks. However, the inherent open-ended nature of these tasks implies that there is always room for improvement in the quality of model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Ziqi Wang , Le Hou , Tianjian Lu , Yuexin Wu , Yunxuan Li , Hongkun Yu , Heng Ji

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in biochemical tasks, especially the molecule caption translation task, which aims to bridge the gap between molecules and natural language texts. However, previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Jiatong Li , Wei Liu , Zhihao Ding , Wenqi Fan , Yuqiang Li , Qing Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) and pre-trained Language Models (LMs) have achieved impressive success on many software engineering tasks (e.g., code completion and code generation). By leveraging huge existing code corpora (e.g., GitHub),…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Xin Yin , Chao Ni , Xiaodan Xu , Xinrui Li , Xiaohu Yang

Prompt Tuning is emerging as a scalable and cost-effective method to fine-tune Pretrained Language Models (PLMs), which are often referred to as Large Language Models (LLMs). This study benchmarks the performance and computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Valentin Leonhard Buchner , Lele Cao , Jan-Christoph Kalo , Vilhelm von Ehrenheim

Fine-tuned pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved awesome performance on almost all NLP tasks. By using additional prompts to fine-tune PLMs, we can further stimulate the rich knowledge distributed in PLMs to better serve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Xu Han , Weilin Zhao , Ning Ding , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Using language models (LMs) pre-trained in a self-supervised setting on large corpora and then fine-tuning for a downstream task has helped to deal with the problem of limited label data for supervised learning tasks such as Named Entity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Pavlova Vera , Mohammed Makhlouf

Developing therapeutics is a lengthy and expensive process that requires the satisfaction of many different criteria, and AI models capable of expediting the process would be invaluable. However, the majority of current AI approaches…

Language Models (LMs) excel in understanding textual descriptions of proteins, as evident in biomedical question-answering tasks. However, their capability falters with raw protein data, such as amino acid sequences, due to a deficit in…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-22 Zhiyuan Liu , An Zhang , Hao Fei , Enzhi Zhang , Xiang Wang , Kenji Kawaguchi , Tat-Seng Chua

We propose a novel parameter-efficient training (PET) method for large language models that adapts models to downstream tasks by optimizing a small subset of the existing model parameters. Unlike prior methods, this subset is not fixed in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Felix Stahlberg , Jared Lichtarge , Shankar Kumar

Despite remarkable progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), these models still struggle with fine-grained understanding tasks. In this work, we propose Procedurally Generated Tasks (PGT), a simple data-driven framework that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Rim Assouel , Amir Bar , Michal Drozdzal , Adriana Romero-Soriano

Autonomous tuning of particle accelerators is an active and challenging field of research with the goal of enabling novel accelerator technologies cutting-edge high-impact applications, such as physics discovery, cancer research and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Jan Kaiser , Annika Eichler , Anne Lauscher

Large Language Models (LLMs) pose a new paradigm of modeling and computation for information tasks. Recommendation systems are a critical application domain poised to benefit significantly from the sequence modeling capabilities and world…

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) for domain applications in fields such as materials science and engineering depends on the development of fine-tuning strategies that adapt models for specialized, technical capabilities. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Wei Lu , Rachel K. Luu , Markus J. Buehler

Chemical language models (CLMs) have emerged as promising competitors to popular classical machine learning models for molecular property prediction (MPP) tasks. However, an increasing number of studies have reported inconsistent and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Mohammad Mostafanejad , Paul Saxe , T. Daniel Crawford

Large language models (LLMs) enable system builders today to create competent NLP systems through prompting, where they only need to describe the task in natural language and provide a few examples. However, in other ways, LLMs are a step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Vijay Viswanathan , Chenyang Zhao , Amanda Bertsch , Tongshuang Wu , Graham Neubig

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs) are revolutionizing the generation of human-like text, producing contextually relevant and syntactically correct content. Despite challenges like biases and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Alper Yaman , Jannik Schwab , Christof Nitsche , Abhirup Sinha , Marco Huber