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Shift of the power system generation from the fossil to the variable renewable sources prompted the system operators to search for new sources of flexibility, that is, new reserve providers. With the introduction of electric vehicles, smart…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-22 Ivan Pavić , Hrvoje Pandžić , Tomislav Capuder

The growing adoption of Electric Buses (EBs) represents a significant step toward sustainable development. By utilizing Internet of Things (IoT) systems, charging stations can autonomously determine charging schedules based on real-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Jiaju Qi , Lei Lei , Thorsteinn Jonsson , Dusit Niyato

In this paper, we propose a robust optimization model that addresses both the cost-efficiency and fast charging requirements for electric vehicles (EVs) at charging stations. By combining elements from traditional cost-minimization models…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-07 Trung Duc Tran , Ngoc-Doanh Nguyen , Hong T. M. Chu , Laurent El Ghaoui , Luca Ambrosino , Giuseppe Calafiore

Electric vehicle (EV) charging couples the operation of power and traffic networks. Specifically, the power network determines the charging price at various locations, while EVs on the traffic network optimize the charging power given the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Yufan Zhang , Sujit Dey , Yuanyuan Shi

Accurate electric vehicle (EV) charging demand forecasting is essential for stable grid operation and proactive EV participation in electricity market. Existing forecasting methods, particularly those based on graph neural networks, are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jinhao Li , Hao Wang

Electric vehicle (EV) charging patterns are highly uncertain in both location, time, and duration particularly in association with the predicted high demand for electric mobility in the future. An EV can be charged at home, at charging…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-06 Leila Hajibabai , Amir Mirheli

Uncoordinated charging of large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) will have a negative impact on the secure and economic operation of the power system, especially at the distribution level. Given that the charging load of EVs can be controlled…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-01-20 Shaolun Xu , Liang Zhang , Zheng Yan , Donghan Feng , Gang Wang , Xiaobo Zhao

With the large-scale integration of electric vehicles (EVs) in the distribution grid, the unpredictable nature of EV charging introduces considerable uncertainties to the grid's real-time operations. This can exacerbate load fluctuations,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Zhe Yu , Chuang Yang , Qin Wang

Hosting capacity (HC) assessment for electric vehicles (EVs) is crucial for EV secure integration and reliable power system operation. Existing methods primarily focus on a long-term perspective (e.g., system planning), and consider the EV…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-16 Yingrui Zhuang , Lin Cheng , Ning Qi , Xinyi Wang , Yue Chen

The charging load from Electric vehicles (EVs) is modeled as deferrable load, meaning that the power consumption can be shifted to different time windows to achieve various grid objectives. In local community scenarios, EVs are considered…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-02-06 Bin Wang , Dai Wang , Cy Chan , Rongxin Yin , Doug Black

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been highly favoured as a future transportation mode in the transportation section in recent years. EVs have many advantages compared to traditional transportation, especially the environmental aspect. However,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-26 Jaehee Jeong , Bissan Ghaddar , Nicolas Zufferey , Jatin Nathwani

Electric vehicles (EVs) are an eco-friendly alternative to vehicles with internal combustion engines. Despite their environmental benefits, the massive electricity demand imposed by the anticipated proliferation of EVs could jeopardize the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-18 Nanduni I. Nimalsiri , Chathurika P. Mediwaththe , Elizabeth L. Ratnam , Marnie Shaw , David B. Smith , Saman K. Halgamuge

The operation of the power grid is becoming more stressed, due to the addition of new large loads represented by Electric Vehicles (EVs) and a more intermittent supply due to the incorporation of renewable sources. As a consequence, the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-15 Islam Safak Bayram , George Michailidis , Michael Devetsikiotis

The transition to the zero-carbon power system is underway accelerating recently. Hydrogen energy and electric vehicles (EVs) are promising solutions on the supply and demand sides. This paper presents a novel architecture that includes…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-24 Teng Long , Qing-Shan Jia

We study electric vehicle (EV) fleet and charging infrastructure planning in a spatial setting. With customer requests arriving continuously at rate $\lambda$ throughout the day, we determine the minimum number of vehicles and chargers for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-19 Sushil Mahavir Varma , Francisco Castro , Siva Theja Maguluri

We consider an increasingly popular demand-response scenario where a user schedules the flexible electric vehicle (EV) charging load in response to real-time electricity prices. The objective is to minimize the total charging cost with user…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Hanling Yi , Qiulin Lin , Minghua Chen

As electric vehicles (EV) become more prevalent and advances in electric vehicle electronics continue, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) techniques and large-scale scheduling strategies are increasingly important to promote renewable energy utilization…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-22 Xin Chen

In the pursuit of energy net zero within smart cities, transportation electrification plays a pivotal role. The adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) keeps increasing, making energy management of EV charging stations critically important.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Jiarong Fan , Chenghao Huang , Hao Wang

The growing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) significantly changes typical load curves in smart grids. With the development of fast charging technology, the volatility of EV charging demand is increasing, which requires additional…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-05 Kedi Zheng , Hanwei Xu , Zeyang Long , Yi Wang , Qixin Chen

The rapid adoption of electric buses by transit agencies around the world is leading to new challenges in the planning and operation of bus networks. In particular, the limited driving range of electric vehicles imposes operational…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-14 Rémi Lacombe , Nikolce Murgovski , Sébastien Gros , Balázs Kulcsár