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General Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) has a wide range of applications in scientific simulation and artificial intelligence. Although traditional libraries can achieve high performance on large regular-shaped GEMMs, they often behave not…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Shangfei Yin , Qinglin Wang , Ruochen Hao , Tianyang Zhou , Songzhu Mei , Jie Liu

Matrix-multiply-accumulate (MMA) units, or tensor cores, are now widespread across modern computing architectures. Yet, their use for particle-grid operators remains limited. In implicit particle methods, mass-matrix assembly is a…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Luca Pennati , Stefano Markidis

Many of today's deep neural network accelerators, e.g., Google's TPU and NVIDIA's tensor core, are built around accelerating the general matrix multiplication (i.e., GEMM). However, supporting convolution on GEMM-based accelerators is not…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Yangjie Zhou , Mengtian Yang , Cong Guo , Jingwen Leng , Yun Liang , Quan Chen , Minyi Guo , Yuhao Zhu

General sparse matrix-matrix multiplication (SpGEMM) is an integral part of many scientific computing, high-performance computing (HPC), and graph analytic applications. This paper presents a new compressed sparse vector (CSV) format for…

Performance · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Erfan Bank Tavakoli , Michael Riera , Masudul Hassan Quraishi , Fengbo Ren

Sparse matrix-matrix multiplication (SpGEMM) is a widely used kernel in various graph, scientific computing and machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we consider SpGEMMs performed on hundreds of thousands of processors generating…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Md Taufique Hussain , Oguz Selvitopi , Aydin Buluç , Ariful Azad

Neural-network (NN) inference is increasingly present on-board spacecraft to reduce downlink bandwidth and enable timely decision making. However, the power and reliability constraints of space missions limit the applicability of many…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Pedro Antunes , Artur Podobas

We develop a fused matrix multiplication kernel that unifies sampled dense-dense matrix multiplication and sparse-dense matrix multiplication under a single operation called FusedMM. By using user-defined functions, FusedMM can capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Md. Khaledur Rahman , Majedul Haque Sujon , Ariful Azad

Sparse matrix-matrix multiplication (SpGEMM) is a widely used kernel in various graph, scientific computing and machine learning algorithms. It is well known that SpGEMM is a memory-bound operation, and its peak performance is expected to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Zhixiang Gu , Jose Moreira , David Edelsohn , Ariful Azad

We present an application of the blackbox matrix-matrix multiplication (BBMM) algorithm to scale up the Gaussian Process (GP) training of molecular energies in the molecular-orbital based machine learning (MOB-ML) framework. An alternative…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-03-28 Jiace Sun , Lixue Cheng , Thomas F. Miller

General Matrix Multiply (GEMM) units, consisting of multiply-accumulate (MAC) arrays, perform bulk of the computation in deep learning (DL). Recent work has proposed a novel MAC design, Bit-Pragmatic (PRA), capable of dynamically exploiting…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Harideep Nair , Prabhu Vellaisamy , Tsung-Han Lin , Perry Wang , Shawn Blanton , John Paul Shen

General-purpose processor vendors have integrated customized accelerator in their products due to the widespread use of General Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) kernels. However, it remains a challenge to further improve the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Bingcai Sui , Junzhong Shen , Caixia Sun , Junhui Wang , Zhong Zheng , Wei Guo

Sparse data structures are commonly used in neural networks to reduce the memory footprint. These data structures are compact but cause irregularities such as random memory accesses, which prevent efficient use of the memory hierarchy. GPUs…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Hossein Albakri , Kazem Cheshmi

Tensor contraction operations in computational chemistry consume significant fractions of computing time on large-scale computing platforms. The widespread use of tensor contractions between large multi-dimensional tensors in describing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Erdal Mutlu , Ajay Panyala , Nitin Gawande , Abhishek Bagusetty , Jinsung Kim , Karol Kowalski , Nicholas Bauman , Bo Peng , Jiri Brabec , Sriram Krishnamoorthy

The generic matrix-matrix multiplication (GEMM) is arguably the most popular computational kernel of the 20th century. Yet, surprisingly, no common methodology for evaluating GEMM performance has been established over the many decades of…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-11-19 Anton Lokhmotov

Many recent GPUs feature matrix multiplication engines (aka Tensor Core Units or TCUs) that perform small fixed-size matrix-matrix products at very high throughput. They have been used very effectively to speed up dense matrix-matrix…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Lizhi Xiang , Omid Asudeh , Gerald Sabin , Aravind Sukumaran-Rajam , P. Sadayappan

Emerging deep learning workloads urgently need fast general matrix multiplication (GEMM). To meet such demand, one of the critical features of machine-learning-specific accelerators such as NVIDIA Tensor Cores, AMD Matrix Cores, and Google…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Bo Fang , Xinyi Li , Harvey Dam , Cheng Tan , Siva Kumar Sastry Hari , Timothy Tsai , Ignacio Laguna , Dingwen Tao , Ganesh Gopalakrishnan , Prashant Nair , Kevin Barker , Ang Li

The optimization of the matrix multiplication (or GEMM) has been a need during the last decades. This operation is considered the flagship of current linear algebra libraries such as BLIS, OpenBLAS, or Intel OneAPI because of its widespread…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Adrián Castelló , Julian Bellavita , Grace Dinh , Yuka Ikarashi , Héctor Martínez

Sparse general matrix-matrix multiplication (SpGEMM) is a critical operation in many applications. Current multithreaded implementations are based on Gustavson's algorithm and often perform poorly on large matrices due to limited cache…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Jordi Wolfson-Pou , Jan Laukemann , Fabrizio Petrini

Deep learning hardware achieves high throughput and low power consumption by reducing computing precision and specializing in matrix multiplication. For machine learning inference, fixed-point value computation is commonplace, where the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Hiroyuki Ootomo , Katsuhisa Ozaki , Rio Yokota

With the emergence of wearable devices and other embedded systems, deploying large language models (LLMs) on edge platforms has become an urgent need. However, this is challenging because of their high computational and memory demands.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Ye Qiao , Zhiheng Chen , Yifan Zhang , Yian Wang , Sitao Huang