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The size-Ramsey number $\hat{R}(\mathcal{F},H)$ of a family of graphs $\mathcal{F}$ and a graph $H$ is the smallest integer $m$ such that there exists a graph $G$ on $m$ edges with the property that any colouring of the edges of $G$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-24 Andrzej Dudek , Farideh Khoeini , Paweł Prałat

The oriented diameter of a bridgeless graph $G$ is $\min\{diam(H)\ | H\ is\ an orientation\ of\ G\}$. A path in an edge-colored graph $G$, where adjacent edges may have the same color, is called rainbow if no two edges of the path are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-12-06 Xiaolong Huang , Hengzhe Li , Xueliang Li , Yuefang Sun

We call the minimum order of any complete graph so that for any coloring of the edges by $k$ colors it is impossible to avoid a monochromatic or rainbow triangle, a Mixed Ramsey number. For any graph $H$ with edges colored from the above…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-18 Marcus Bartlett , Elliot Krop , Thuhong Nguyen , Michael Ngo , Petra President

The Ramsey number $r(H)$ of a graph $H$ is the minimum $n$ such that any two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The threshold Ramsey multiplicity $m(H)$ is then the minimum number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-21 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov , Fan Wei

The $k$-colour bipartite Ramsey number of a bipartite graph $H$ is the least integer $N$ for which every $k$-edge-coloured complete bipartite graph $K_{N,N}$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The study of bipartite Ramsey numbers was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Matija Bucic , Shoham Letzter , Benny Sudakov

For a fixed set of positive integers $R$, we say $\mathcal{H}$ is an $R$-uniform hypergraph, or $R$-graph, if the cardinality of each edge belongs to $R$. An $R$-graph $\mathcal{H}$ is \emph{covering} if every vertex pair of $\mathcal{H}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-29 Linyuan Lu , Zhiyu Wang

Given a pair of graphs $G$ and $H$, the Ramsey number $R(G,H)$ is the smallest $N$ such that every red-blue coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_N$ contains a red copy of $G$ or a blue copy of $H$. If graph $G$ is connected, it is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-28 Alexey Pokrovskiy , Benny Sudakov

A question of Erd\H{o}s asks if for every pair of positive integers $r$ and $k$, there exists a graph $H$ having $\textrm{girth}(H)=k$ and the property that every $r$-colouring of the edges of $H$ yields a monochromatic cycle $C_k$. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-19 H. Hàn , T. Retter , V. Rödl , M. Schacht

Given graphs $G$ and $H$ and a positive integer $q$ say that $G$ is $q$-Ramsey for $H$, denoted $G\rightarrow (H)_q$, if every $q$-colouring of the edges of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The size-Ramsey number $\hat{r}(H)$ of a…

For given graphs $G$ and $H,$ the \emph{Ramsey number} $R(G,H)$ is the least natural number $n$ such that for every graph $F$ of order $n$ the following condition holds: either $F$ contains $G$ or the complement of $F$ contains $H.$ In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-11-19 Kashif Ali , Edy Tri Baskoro

An $r$-uniform hypergraph $H$ is semi-algebraic of complexity $\mathbf{t}=(d,D,m)$ if the vertices of $H$ correspond to points in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, and the edges of $H$ are determined by the sign-pattern of $m$ degree-$D$ polynomials.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-08 Zhihan Jin , István Tomon

Given a hypergraph $G$ and a subhypergraph $H$ of $G$, the \emph{odd Ramsey number} $r_{odd}(G,H)$ is the minimum number of colors needed to edge-color $G$ so that every copy of $H$ intersects some color class in an odd number of edges.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-28 Nicholas Crawford , Emily Heath , Owen Henderschedt , Coy Schwieder , Shira Zerbib

We study two classical problems in graph Ramsey theory, that of determining the Ramsey number of bounded-degree graphs and that of estimating the induced Ramsey number for a graph with a given number of vertices. The Ramsey number r(H) of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-02-02 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

The $k$-colour bipartite Ramsey number of a bipartite graph $H$ is the least integer $n$ for which every $k$-edge-coloured complete bipartite graph $K_{n,n}$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The study of bipartite Ramsey numbers was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-07 Matija Bucić , Shoham Letzter , Benny Sudakov

Given any graph $H$, a graph $G$ is said to be $q$-Ramsey for $H$ if every coloring of the edges of $G$ with $q$ colors yields a monochromatic subgraph isomorphic to $H$. Further, such a graph $G$ is said to be minimal $q$-Ramsey for $H$ if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-10 Simona Boyadzhiyska , Dennis Clemens , Pranshu Gupta

Given a positive integer $s$, a graph $G$ is $s$-Ramsey for a graph $H$, denoted $G\rightarrow (H)_s$, if every $s$-colouring of the edges of $G$ contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The $s$-colour size-Ramsey number ${\hat{r}}_s(H)$ of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-05 Jie Han , Matthew Jenssen , Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Guilherme Oliveira Mota , Barnaby Roberts

We consider a variation of Ramsey numbers introduced by Erd\H{o}s and Pach (1983), where instead of seeking complete or independent sets we only seek a $t$-homogeneous set, a vertex subset that induces a subgraph of minimum degree at least…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-19 Ross J. Kang , János Pach , Viresh Patel , Guus Regts

For given simple graphs $H_1,H_2,\dots,H_c$, the multicolor Ramsey number $R(H_1,H_2,\dots,H_c)$ is defined as the smallest positive integer $n$ such that for an arbitrary edge-decomposition $\{G_i\}^c_{i=1}$ of the complete graph $K_n$, at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Xuejun Zhang , Xinmin Hou

Rosenfeld in 1974 conjectured that there is an integer N > 8 such that every tournament of order n > N contains every non-directed cycle of order n. We prove that, with exactly 35 exceptions, every tournament of order n > 2 contains each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-10 Ayman El Zein

Given two graphs $H_1$ and $H_2$, an online Ramsey game is played on the edge set of $K_\mathbb{N}$. In every round Builder selects an edge and Painter colors it red or blue. Builder is trying to force Painter to create a red copy of $H_1$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Natalia Adamska , Grzegorz Adamski