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Enabling robots to execute long-horizon manipulation tasks from free-form language instructions remains a fundamental challenge in embodied AI. While vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise as high-level planners, their deployment…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zitong Bo , Yue Hu , Jinming Ma , Mingliang Zhou , Junhui Yin , Yachen Kang , Yuqi Liu , Tong Wu , Diyun Xiang , Hao Chen

Foundation models (FMs) are increasingly used to bridge language and action in embodied agents, yet the operational characteristics of different FM integration strategies remain under-explored -- particularly for complex instruction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xiuchao Sui , Daiying Tian , Qi Sun , Ruirui Chen , Dongkyu Choi , Kenneth Kwok , Soujanya Poria

Procedural planning, which entails decomposing a high-level goal into a sequence of temporally ordered steps, is an important yet intricate task for machines. It involves integrating common-sense knowledge to reason about complex and often…

Robotic manipulation benefits from foundation models that describe goals, but today's agents still lack a principled way to learn from their own mistakes. We ask whether natural language can serve as feedback, an error-reasoning signal that…

Embodied robotic systems increasingly rely on large language model (LLM)-based agents to support high-level reasoning, planning, and decision-making during interactions with the environment. However, invoking LLM reasoning introduces…

This paper focuses on embodied task planning, where an agent acquires visual observations from the environment and executes atomic actions to accomplish a given task. Although recent Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved impressive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Peiran Xu , Jiaqi Zheng , Yadong Mu

Providing timely and personalized guidance for students' programming assignments, offers significant practical value for helping students complete assignments and enhance their learning. In recent years, various automated Fault Localization…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Fang Liu , Tianze Wang , Li Zhang , Zheyu Yang , Jing Jiang , Zian Sun

Autonomous navigation guided by natural language instructions is essential for improving human-robot interaction and enabling complex operations in dynamic environments. While large language models (LLMs) are not inherently designed for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Pranav Doma , Aliasghar Arab , Xuesu Xiao

Prompt engineering is an iterative procedure often requiring extensive manual effort to formulate suitable instructions for effectively directing large language models (LLMs) in specific tasks. Incorporating few-shot examples is a vital and…

Designing robotic agents to perform open vocabulary tasks has been the long-standing goal in robotics and AI. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in creating robotic agents for performing open vocabulary…

Planning algorithms decompose complex problems into intermediate steps that can be sequentially executed by robots to complete tasks. Recent works have employed Large Language Models (LLMs) for task planning, using natural language to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Vineet Bhat , Ali Umut Kaypak , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Ramesh Karri , Farshad Khorrami

We study the problem of learning a range of vision-based manipulation tasks from a large offline dataset of robot interaction. In order to accomplish this, humans need easy and effective ways of specifying tasks to the robot. Goal images…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Suraj Nair , Eric Mitchell , Kevin Chen , Brian Ichter , Silvio Savarese , Chelsea Finn

This work advances autonomous robot exploration by integrating agent-level semantic reasoning with fast local control. We introduce FARE, a hierarchical autonomous exploration framework that integrates a large language model (LLM) for…

Successful application of large language models (LLMs) to robotic planning and execution may pave the way to automate numerous real-world tasks. Promising recent research has been conducted showing that the knowledge contained in LLMs can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Ateeq Sharfuddin , Travis Breaux

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks, yet they face significant challenges in embodied task planning scenarios that require continuous environmental understanding and action generation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Zhaoye Fei , Li Ji , Siyin Wang , Junhao Shi , Jingjing Gong , Xipeng Qiu

Embodied navigation for long-horizon tasks, guided by complex natural language instructions, remains a formidable challenge in artificial intelligence. Existing agents often struggle with robust long-term planning about unseen environments,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Fei Liu , Shichao Xie , Minghua Luo , Zedong Chu , Junjun Hu , Xiaolong Wu , Mu Xu

The realization of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) necessitates Embodied AI agents capable of robust spatial perception, effective task planning, and adaptive execution in physical environments. However, current large language models…

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their potential in facilitating high-level reasoning, logical reasoning and robotics planning. Recently, LLMs have also been able to generate reward functions for low-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Marta Skreta , Zihan Zhou , Jia Lin Yuan , Kourosh Darvish , Alán Aspuru-Guzik , Animesh Garg

Autonomous long-horizon mobile manipulation encompasses a multitude of challenges, including scene dynamics, unexplored areas, and error recovery. Recent works have leveraged foundation models for scene-level robotic reasoning and planning.…

Learning generalist embodied agents, able to solve multitudes of tasks in different domains is a long-standing problem. Reinforcement learning (RL) is hard to scale up as it requires a complex reward design for each task. In contrast,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Pietro Mazzaglia , Tim Verbelen , Bart Dhoedt , Aaron Courville , Sai Rajeswar