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Recent advancements in Large Language Model (LLM)-based Natural Language Generation evaluation have largely focused on single-example prompting, resulting in significant token overhead and computational inefficiencies. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Daniil Larionov , Steffen Eger

Large language models (LLMs) have been applied in various applications due to their astonishing capabilities. With advancements in technologies such as chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting and in-context learning (ICL), the prompts fed to LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Huiqiang Jiang , Qianhui Wu , Chin-Yew Lin , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

Prompt compression methods enhance the efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs) and minimize the cost by reducing the length of input context. The goal of prompt compression is to shorten the LLM prompt while maintaining a high generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Tinghui Zhang , Yifan Wang , Daisy Zhe Wang

Prompt engineering enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform a variety of tasks. However, lengthy prompts significantly increase computational complexity and economic costs. To address this issue, we study six prompt compression…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Zheng Zhang , Jinyi Li , Yihuai Lan , Xiang Wang , Hao Wang

With the wide adoption of language models for IR -- and specifically RAG systems -- the latency of the underlying LLM becomes a crucial bottleneck, since the long contexts of retrieved passages lead large prompts and therefore, compute…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Cornelius Kummer , Lena Jurkschat , Michael Färber , Sahar Vahdati

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) excel in visual understanding and reasoning, but the excessive visual tokens lead to high inference costs. Although recent token reduction methods mitigate this issue, they mainly target single-turn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yi Wang , Haofei Zhang , Qihan Huang , Anda Cao , Gongfan Fang , Wei Wang , Xuan Jin , Jie Song , Mingli Song , Xinchao Wang

In long context scenarios, large language models (LLMs) face three main challenges: higher computational cost, performance reduction, and position bias. Research indicates that LLM performance hinges on the density and position of key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Huiqiang Jiang , Qianhui Wu , Xufang Luo , Dongsheng Li , Chin-Yew Lin , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

While the numerous parameters in Large Language Models (LLMs) contribute to their superior performance, this massive scale makes them inefficient and memory-hungry. Thus, they are hard to deploy on commodity hardware, such as one single…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Zhaozhuo Xu , Zirui Liu , Beidi Chen , Yuxin Tang , Jue Wang , Kaixiong Zhou , Xia Hu , Anshumali Shrivastava

The rise of large language models (LLMs) is revolutionizing information retrieval, question answering, summarization, and code generation tasks. However, in addition to confidently presenting factually inaccurate information at times (known…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Henry Gilbert , Michael Sandborn , Douglas C. Schmidt , Jesse Spencer-Smith , Jules White

Leveraging large language models (LLMs) for complex natural language tasks typically requires long-form prompts to convey detailed requirements and information, which results in increased memory usage and inference costs. To mitigate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Zongqian Li , Yinhong Liu , Yixuan Su , Nigel Collier

The large language models have achieved superior performance on various natural language tasks. One major drawback of such approaches is they are resource-intensive in fine-tuning new datasets. Soft-prompt tuning presents a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Guoxin Chen , Yiming Qian , Bowen Wang , Liangzhi Li

Recent advances have shown that optimizing prompts for Large Language Models (LLMs) can significantly improve task performance, yet many optimization techniques rely on heuristics or manual exploration. We present LatentPrompt, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mateusz Bystroński , Grzegorz Piotrowski , Nitesh V. Chawla , Tomasz Kajdanowicz

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized NLP research. Notably, in-context learning enables their use as evaluation metrics for natural language generation, making them particularly advantageous in low-resource scenarios and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Christoph Leiter , Steffen Eger

Large Language Models (LLMs) are gaining significant popularity in recent years for specialized tasks using prompts due to their low computational cost. Standard methods like prefix tuning utilize special, modifiable tokens that lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Nusrat Jahan Prottasha , Asif Mahmud , Md. Shohanur Islam Sobuj , Prakash Bhat , Md Kowsher , Niloofar Yousefi , Ozlem Ozmen Garibay

In large-scale industrial LLM systems, prompt templates often expand to thousands of tokens as teams iteratively incorporate sections such as task instructions, few-shot examples, and heuristic rules to enhance robustness and coverage. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Zhentao Xu , Fengyi Li , Albert Chen , Xiaofeng Wang

Since ChatGPT released its API for public use, the number of applications built on top of commercial large language models (LLMs) increase exponentially. One popular usage of such models is leveraging its in-context learning ability and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Junyi Liu , Liangzhi Li , Tong Xiang , Bowen Wang , Yiming Qian

In recent years, the use of prompts to guide the output of Large Language Models have increased dramatically. However, even the best of experts struggle to choose the correct words to stitch up a prompt for the desired task. To solve this,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Yash Jain , Vishal Chowdhary

This paper focuses on task-agnostic prompt compression for better generalizability and efficiency. Considering the redundancy in natural language, existing approaches compress prompts by removing tokens or lexical units according to their…

Generalized Entity Matching (GEM), which aims at judging whether two records represented in different formats refer to the same real-world entity, is an essential task in data management. The prompt tuning paradigm for pre-trained language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Yikuan Xia , Jiazun Chen , Xinchi Li , Jun Gao

This paper introduces GEMBA-MQM, a GPT-based evaluation metric designed to detect translation quality errors, specifically for the quality estimation setting without the need for human reference translations. Based on the power of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Tom Kocmi , Christian Federmann
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