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The main aim of this paper is to provide set-theoretical solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation that are not necessarily bijective, among these new idempotent ones. In the specific, we draw on both to the classical theory of inverse…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2025-05-02 Francesco Catino , Marzia Mazzotta , Paola Stefanelli

In this paper, we introduce the notion of an $\mathbb{N}^p$-graded birack and construct its isotope. Every involutive $\mathbb{N}^p$-graded birack gives rise to an $\mathbb{N}^p$-graded Yang-Baxter algebra. We study the relation between…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Xiaolan Yu , Yanfei Zhang

Associative Yang-Baxter equation arises in different areas of algebra, e.g., when studying double quadratic Poisson brackets, non-abelian quadratic Poisson brackets, or associative algebras with cyclic 2-cocycle (anti-Frobenius algebras).…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-10-07 A. Zobnin

In this work we investigate the possibility of using the reflection algebra as a source of functional equations. More precisely, we obtain functional relations determining the partition function of the six-vertex model with domain-wall…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-05-17 W. Galleas , J. Lamers

In this paper, we provide techniques to obtain left non-degenerate set-theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation, drawing on the class of right groups. To this end, we introduce the new algebraic structures of left $RG$-semibraces,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Andrea Albano , Alberto Facchini , Marzia Mazzotta , Paola Stefanelli

We connect properties of set-theoretic solutions to the Yang--Baxter equation to properties of their permutation skew brace. In particular, a variation of the multipermutation level of a solution is presented and we show that it coincides…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-05-05 Marco Castelli , Senne Trappeniers

This paper aims at reviewing and analysing the method of reflections. The latter is an iterative procedure designed to linear boundary value problems set in multiply connected domains. Being based on a decomposition of the domain boundary,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-06-25 Philippe Laurent , Guillaume Legendre , Julien Salomon

Skew braces are one of the main algebraic tools controlling the structure of a non-degenerate bijective set-theoretic solution of the Yang-Baxter equation. The aim of this paper is to study model-theoretically tame skew braces, with…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Maria Ferrara , Marco Trombetti , Moreno Invitti , Frank Olaf Wagner

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and a fixed invertible element $q^{\frac{1}{2}}$, and suppose $q+q^{-1}$ is invertible in $R$. For each planar surface $\Sigma_{0,n+1}$, we present its Kauffman bracket skein algebra over $R$ by…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-01-03 Haimiao Chen

The interplay between set-theoretic solutions of the Yang--Baxter equation of Mathematical Physics, skew braces, regular subgroups, and Hopf--Galois structures has spawned a considerable body of literature in recent years. In a recent…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-25 A. Caranti , L. Stefanello

In {\it Set-theoretical solutions to the quantum Yang-Baxter equation} (Duke Math. J. {\bf 100} (1999), 169--209), Etingof, Schedler and Soloviev introduced, for each non-degenerate involutive set-theoretical solution $(X,\sigma,\tau)$ of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-06-04 Přemysl Jedlička , Agata Pilitowska , Anna Zamojska-Dzienio

By a generalized Yangian we mean a Yangian-like algebra of one of two classes. One of these classes consists of the so-called braided Yangians, introduced in our previous paper. The braided Yangians are in a sense similar to the reflection…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2017-10-25 Dimitri Gurevich , Pavel Saponov

We introduce analogues of algebraic groups called algebraic racks, which are pointed rack objects in the category of schemes over a ground field. Addressing a problem of Loday, we construct functors assigning left and right Leibniz algebras…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-01-22 Luc Ta

We present solutions for the (constant and spectral-parameter) Yang-Baxter equations and Yang-Baxter systems arising from algebra structures and discuss about their symmetries. In the last section, we present some applications.

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2014-01-03 Florin F. Nichita , Bogdan P. Popovici

In this paper, we give the general crossing relation for boundary reflection matrix $R(\beta)$, which is the extension of the work given by Ghoshal and Zamolodchikov .We also use the first non-trivial extended crossing relation to determine…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Bo-yu Hou , Kang-jie Shi , Wen-li Yang

We present connections between left non-degenerate solutions of the set-theoretic braid equation and left shelves using Drinfel'd homomorphisms. We generalize the notion of affine quandle, by using heap endomorphisms and metahomomorphisms,…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-09-23 Anastasia Doikou , Bernard Rybolowicz , Paola Stefanelli

We define a planar para algebra, which arises naturally from combining planar algebras with the idea of $\mathbb{Z}_{N}$ para symmetry in physics. A subfactor planar para algebra is a Hilbert space representation of planar tangles with…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2017-02-08 Arthur Jaffe , Zhengwei Liu

We introduce some braided varieties -- braided orbits -- by considering quotients of the so-called Reflection Equation Algebras associated with Hecke symmetries (i.e. special type solutions of the quantum Yang-Baxter equation). Such a…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2015-05-18 D. I. Gurevich , P. A. Saponov

We prove that one-dimensional elastic relativistic collisions satisfy the set-theoretical Yang-Baxter equation. The corresponding collision maps are symplectic and admit a Lax representation. Furthermore, they can be considered as…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-09-19 Theodoros E. Kouloukas

We investigate the possible regular solutions of the boundary Yang-Baxter equation for the vertex models associated with the graded version of the $A_{n-1}^{(1)}$ affine Lie algebra, the $U_{q}[sl(m|n)^{(1)}]$ vertex model, also known as…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-05-20 A. Lima-Santos
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