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Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable breakthroughs in new dialogue capabilities by leveraging instruction tuning, which refreshes human impressions of dialogue systems. The long-standing goal of dialogue systems is to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Jiao Ou , Junda Lu , Che Liu , Yihong Tang , Fuzheng Zhang , Di Zhang , Kun Gai

Metamorphic Relations (MRs) serve as a foundational mechanism for generating semantically equivalent mutations. Software engineering has advanced significantly in recent years with the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Mostafijur Rahman Akhond , Gias Uddin

Benchmarks that reflect the diversity and complexity of real-world documents are essential for accurately evaluating Automatic Text Recognition (ATR) systems, especially Vision-Large Language Models (vLLMs). Although recent models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Mélodie Boillet , Solène Tarride , Christopher Kermorvant

Tuning language models for dialogue generation has been a prevalent paradigm for building capable dialogue agents. Yet, traditional tuning narrowly views dialogue generation as resembling other language generation tasks, ignoring the role…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jian Wang , Chak Tou Leong , Jiashuo Wang , Dongding Lin , Wenjie Li , Xiao-Yong Wei

Non-task-oriented dialog models suffer from poor quality and non-diverse responses. To overcome limited conversational data, we apply Simulated Multiple Reference Training (SMRT; Khayrallah et al., 2020), and use a paraphraser to simulate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Huda Khayrallah , João Sedoc

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used across multiple domains but continue to raise concerns regarding security and fairness. Beyond known attack vectors such as data poisoning and prompt injection, LLMs are also vulnerable to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Matheus Vinicius da Silva de Oliveira , Jonathan de Andrade Silva , Awdren de Lima Fontao

Task-oriented dialogue systems (TDSs) are assessed mainly in an offline setting or through human evaluation. The evaluation is often limited to single-turn or is very time-intensive. As an alternative, user simulators that mimic user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Weiwei Sun , Shuyu Guo , Shuo Zhang , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly permeate daily lives, there is a growing demand for real-time interactions that mirror human conversations. Traditional turn-based chat systems driven by LLMs prevent users from verbally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Xinrong Zhang , Yingfa Chen , Shengding Hu , Xu Han , Zihang Xu , Yuanwei Xu , Weilin Zhao , Maosong Sun , Zhiyuan Liu

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) as judges have emerged as a prominent approach for evaluating speech generation quality, yet their ability to assess speaker consistency across multi-turn dialogues remains unexplored. We present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jonggeun Lee , Junseong Pyo , Gyuhyeon Seo , Yohan Jo

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown outstanding potential for role-playing applications. Evaluating these capabilities is becoming crucial yet remains challenging. Existing benchmarks mostly adopt a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Hao Xiang , Tianyi Tang , Yang Su , Bowen Yu , An Yang , Fei Huang , Yichang Zhang , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Jingren Zhou , Junyang Lin , Le Sun

Multimodal language analysis is a rapidly evolving field that leverages multiple modalities to enhance the understanding of high-level semantics underlying human conversational utterances. Despite its significance, little research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Hanlei Zhang , Zhuohang Li , Yeshuang Zhu , Hua Xu , Peiwu Wang , Haige Zhu , Jie Zhou , Jinchao Zhang

In recent years, autonomous driving systems have made significant progress, yet ensuring their safety remains a key challenge. To this end, scenario-based testing offers a practical solution, and simulation-based methods have gained…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Jiahui Wu , Chengjie Lu , Aitor Arrieta , Shaukat Ali

Max-Plus Linear (MPL) systems are an algebraic formalism with practical applications in transportation networks, manufacturing and biological systems. In this paper, we investigate the problem of automatically analyzing the properties of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Muhammad Syifa'ul Mufid , Andrea Micheli , Alessandro Abate , Alessandro Cimatti

Despite the growing use of large language models (LLMs) in clinical dialogue systems, existing evaluations focus on task completion or fluency, offering little insight into the behavioral and risk management requirements essential for…

Demand for mental health support through AI chatbots is surging, though current systems present several limitations, like sycophancy or overvalidation, and reinforcement of maladaptive beliefs. A core obstacle to the creation of better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 José Pombal , Maya D'Eon , Nuno M. Guerreiro , Pedro Henrique Martins , António Farinhas , Ricardo Rei

Text-to-SQL is a task to generate SQL queries from human utterances. However, due to the variation of natural language, two semantically equivalent utterances may appear differently in the lexical level. Likewise, user preferences (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Pingchuan Ma , Shuai Wang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated into various sectors, ensuring their reliability and safety is crucial. This necessitates rigorous probing and auditing to maintain their effectiveness and trustworthiness in practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Maryam Amirizaniani , Elias Martin , Tanya Roosta , Aman Chadha , Chirag Shah

The recent paradigm shift toward large reasoning models (LRMs) as autonomous agents has intensified the demand for sophisticated, multi-turn tool-use capabilities. Yet, existing datasets and data-generation approaches are limited by static,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Jungho Cho , Minbyul Jeong , Sungrae Park

Ethics review is a foundational mechanism of modern research governance, yet contemporary systems face increasing strain as ethical risks arise as structural consequences of large-scale, interdisciplinary scientific practice. The demand for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yifan Ding , Yuhui Shi , Zhiyan Li , Zilong Wang , Yifeng Gao , Yajun Yang , Mengjie Yang , Yixiu Liang , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang , Guoyu Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-Agent LLMs (MALLMs) introduce non-determinism unlike traditional or machine learning software, requiring new approaches to verifying correctness beyond simple output comparisons or statistical accuracy…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Felix Dobslaw , Robert Feldt , Juyeon Yoon , Shin Yoo