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Transformer-based document cross-encoder rerankers are a central component of modern information retrieval systems. Despite their success, these models suffer from high computational costs due to processing long query-document sequences at…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Shengyao Zhuang , Zhichao Xu , Ivano Lauriola

Context-aware compression techniques have gained increasing attention as model sizes continue to grow, introducing computational bottlenecks that hinder efficient deployment. A structured encoding approach was proposed to selectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Barnaby Schmitt , Alistair Grosvenor , Matthias Cunningham , Clementine Walsh , Julius Pembrokeshire , Jonathan Teel

We present a framework facilitating the implementation and comparison of text compression algorithms. We evaluate its features by a case study on two novel compression algorithms based on the Lempel-Ziv compression schemes that perform well…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Patrick Dinklage , Johannes Fischer , Dominik Köppl , Marvin Löbel , Kunihiko Sadakane

Large language models (LLMs) face significant token efficiency bottlenecks in code generation and logical reasoning tasks, a challenge that directly impacts inference cost and model interpretability. This paper proposes a formal framework…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Lumen AI , Tengzhou No. 1 Middle School , Shihao Ji , Zihui Song , Fucheng Zhong , Jisen Jia , Zhaobo Wu , Zheyi Cao , Tianhao Xu

Removing modeling constraints and unifying architectures across domains has been a key driver of the recent progress in training large multimodal models. However, most of these models still rely on many separately trained components such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Michael Tschannen , André Susano Pinto , Alexander Kolesnikov

Recently, a variety of acoustic tasks and related applications arised. For many acoustic tasks, the labeled data size may be limited. To handle this problem, we propose an unsupervised pre-training method using Transformer based encoder to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-09 Ruixiong Zhang , Haiwei Wu , Wubo Li , Dongwei Jiang , Wei Zou , Xiangang Li

Large language models (LLMs) and their multimodal variants can now process visual inputs, including images of text. This raises an intriguing question: can we compress textual inputs by feeding them as images to reduce token usage while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Yanhong Li , Zixuan Lan , Jiawei Zhou

Recurrent neural networks have proved to be an effective method for statistical language modeling. However, in practice their memory and run-time complexity are usually too large to be implemented in real-time offline mobile applications.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Artem M. Grachev , Dmitry I. Ignatov , Andrey V. Savchenko

As Vision Transformers (ViTs) increasingly set new benchmarks in computer vision, their practical deployment on inference engines is often hindered by their significant memory bandwidth and (on-chip) memory footprint requirements. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Seyedarmin Azizi , Mahdi Nazemi , Massoud Pedram

Modern data compression methods are slowly reaching their limits after 80 years of research, millions of papers, and wide range of applications. Yet, the extravagant 6G communication speed requirement raises a major open question for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ziguang Li , Chao Huang , Xuliang Wang , Haibo Hu , Cole Wyeth , Dongbo Bu , Quan Yu , Wen Gao , Xingwu Liu , Ming Li

The field of advanced text-to-image generation is witnessing the emergence of unified frameworks that integrate powerful text encoders, such as CLIP and T5, with Diffusion Transformer backbones. Although there have been efforts to control…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Liang Chen , Shuai Bai , Wenhao Chai , Weichu Xie , Haozhe Zhao , Leon Vinci , Junyang Lin , Baobao Chang

Visual data compression is shifting from human-centered reconstruction to machine-oriented representation coding. In this setting, an image is often mapped to a compact semantic embedding, which is then compressed and transmitted for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Andriy Enttsel , Vincent Corlay

Transformer-based QA models use input-wide self-attention -- i.e. across both the question and the input passage -- at all layers, causing them to be slow and memory-intensive. It turns out that we can get by without input-wide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Qingqing Cao , Harsh Trivedi , Aruna Balasubramanian , Niranjan Balasubramanian

Given a pretrained encoder-based language model, how can we accurately compress it without retraining? Retraining-free structured pruning algorithms are crucial in pretrained language model compression due to their significantly reduced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Seungcheol Park , Hojun Choi , U Kang

The rapid success of Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) often depends on the high-resolution images with abundant visual tokens, which hinders training and deployment efficiency. Current training-free visual token compression methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Jianjian Li , Junquan Fan , Feng Tang , Gang Huang , Shitao Zhu , Songlin Liu , Nian Xie , Wulong Liu , Yong Liao

We propose an end-to-end image compression and analysis model with Transformers, targeting to the cloud-based image classification application. Instead of placing an existing Transformer-based image classification model directly after an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Yuanchao Bai , Xu Yang , Xianming Liu , Junjun Jiang , Yaowei Wang , Xiangyang Ji , Wen Gao

Transformers, known for their attention mechanisms, have proven highly effective in focusing on critical elements within complex data. This feature can effectively be used to address the time-varying channels in wireless communication…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Matin Mortaheb , Mohammad A. Amir Khojastepour , Sennur Ulukus

Dense retrieval requires high-quality text sequence embeddings to support effective search in the representation space. Autoencoder-based language models are appealing in dense retrieval as they train the encoder to output high-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Shuqi Lu , Di He , Chenyan Xiong , Guolin Ke , Waleed Malik , Zhicheng Dou , Paul Bennett , Tieyan Liu , Arnold Overwijk

The exponential expansion of context windows in LLMs has unlocked capabilities for long-document understanding but introduced severe bottlenecks in inference latency and information utilization. Existing compression methods often suffer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Zhengpei Hu , Kai Li , Dapeng Fu , Chang Zeng , Yue Li , Yuanhao Tang , Jianqiang Huang

Today there are many universal compression algorithms, but in most cases is for specific data better using specific algorithm - JPEG for images, MPEG for movies, etc. For textual documents there are special methods based on PPM algorithm or…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Jan Platos , Jiri Dvorsky