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The prevalence of Transformer-based pre-trained language models (PLMs) has led to their wide adoption for various natural language processing tasks. However, their excessive overhead leads to large latency and computational costs. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Wenxi Tan

State-of-the-art language models are becoming increasingly large in an effort to achieve the highest performance on large corpora of available textual data. However, the sheer size of the Transformer architectures makes it difficult to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Tycho F. A. van der Ouderaa , Markus Nagel , Mart van Baalen , Yuki M. Asano , Tijmen Blankevoort

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across tasks, but face storage and compute challenges on edge devices. We propose EntroLLM, a compression framework combining mixed quantization and entropy coding to reduce storage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Arnab Sanyal , Gourav Datta , Prithwish Mukherjee , Sandeep P. Chinchali , Michael Orshansky

The transformer structure employed in large language models (LLMs), as a specialized category of deep neural networks (DNNs) featuring attention mechanisms, stands out for their ability to identify and highlight the most relevant aspects of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Matin Mortaheb , Erciyes Karakaya , Mohammad A. Amir Khojastepour , Sennur Ulukus

Cross-model retrieval has emerged as one of the most important upgrades for text-only search engines (SE). Recently, with powerful representation for pairwise text-image inputs via early interaction, the accuracy of vision-language (VL)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Lisai Zhang , Hongfa Wu , Qingcai Chen , Yimeng Deng , Zhonghua Li , Dejiang Kong , Zhao Cao , Joanna Siebert , Yunpeng Han

This paper outlines an end-to-end optimized lossy image compression framework using diffusion generative models. The approach relies on the transform coding paradigm, where an image is mapped into a latent space for entropy coding and, from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-03 Ruihan Yang , Stephan Mandt

In this paper, we compare various methods to compress a text using a neural model. We find that extracting tokens as latent variables significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art discrete latent variable models such as VQ-VAE.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Aran Komatsuzaki

To extend the context length of Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) and improve comprehension capabilities, we often face limitations due to computational resources and bounded memory storage capacity. This work introduces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Chensen Huang , Guibo Zhu , Xuepeng Wang , Yifei Luo , Guojing Ge , Haoran Chen , Dong Yi , Jinqiao Wang

Large-scale pre-trained language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the massive size of these models poses huge challenges for their deployment in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Jiduan Liu , Jiahao Liu , Qifan Wang , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Dongyan Zhao , Ran Lucien Wang , Rui Yan

Existing work on prompt compression for Large Language Models (LLM) focuses on lossy methods that try to maximize the retention of semantic information that is relevant to downstream tasks while significantly reducing the sequence length.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 John Harvill , Ziwei Fan , Hao Wang , Luke Huan , Anoop Deoras , Yizhou Sun , Hao Ding

Token compression is essential for reducing the computational and memory requirements of transformer models, enabling their deployment in resource-constrained environments. In this work, we propose an efficient and hardware-compatible token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Junzhu Mao , Yang Shen , Jinyang Guo , Yazhou Yao , Xiansheng Hua

Retrieval augmentation is a powerful but expensive method to make language models more knowledgeable about the world. Memory-based methods like LUMEN pre-compute token representations for retrieved passages to drastically speed up…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Yury Zemlyanskiy , Michiel de Jong , Luke Vilnis , Santiago Ontañón , William W. Cohen , Sumit Sanghai , Joshua Ainslie

Learned progressive image compression is gaining momentum as it allows improved image reconstruction as more bits are decoded at the receiver. We propose a progressive image compression method in which an image is first represented as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Alberto Presta , Enzo Tartaglione , Attilio Fiandrotti , Marco Grangetto , Pamela Cosman

Large language model (LLM) based listwise reranking has emerged as the dominant paradigm for achieving state-of-the-art ranking effectiveness in information retrieval. However, its reliance on feeding full passage texts into the LLM…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Xiaojie Ke , Shuai Zhang , Liansheng Sun , Yongjin Wang , Hengjun Jiang , Xiangkun Liu , Cunxin Gu , Jian Xu , Guanjun Jiang

The embedding layers transforming input words into real vectors are the key components of deep neural networks used in natural language processing. However, when the vocabulary is large, the corresponding weight matrices can be enormous,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Oleksii Hrinchuk , Valentin Khrulkov , Leyla Mirvakhabova , Elena Orlova , Ivan Oseledets

Retrieving documents and prepending them in-context at inference time improves performance of language model (LMs) on a wide range of tasks. However, these documents, often spanning hundreds of words, make inference substantially more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Fangyuan Xu , Weijia Shi , Eunsol Choi

Recent advances in text-guided image compression have shown great potential to enhance the perceptual quality of reconstructed images. These methods, however, tend to have significantly degraded pixel-wise fidelity, limiting their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Hagyeong Lee , Minkyu Kim , Jun-Hyuk Kim , Seungeon Kim , Dokwan Oh , Jaeho Lee

One critical component in lossy deep image compression is the entropy model, which predicts the probability distribution of the quantized latent representation in the encoding and decoding modules. Previous works build entropy models upon…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-16 Yichen Qian , Ming Lin , Xiuyu Sun , Zhiyu Tan , Rong Jin

Vision transformers have been widely explored in various vision tasks. Due to heavy computational cost, much interest has aroused for compressing vision transformer dynamically in the aspect of tokens. Current methods mainly pay attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Fanhu Zeng , Deli Yu , Zhenglun Kong , Hao Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities for text rewriting. Nonetheless, the large sizes of these models make them impractical for on-device inference, which would otherwise allow for enhanced privacy and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Yun Zhu , Yinxiao Liu , Felix Stahlberg , Shankar Kumar , Yu-hui Chen , Liangchen Luo , Lei Shu , Renjie Liu , Jindong Chen , Lei Meng