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Related papers: Benchmarking Harmonized Tariff Schedule Classifica…

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Accurate classification of products under the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) is a critical bottleneck in global trade, yet it has received little attention from the machine learning community. Misclassification can halt shipments…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Pritish Yuvraj , Siva Devarakonda

Industries must follow government rules and regulations around the world to classify products when assessing duties and taxes for international shipment. Harmonized System (HS) is the most standardized numerical method of classifying traded…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Shubham , Avinash Arya , Subarna Roy , Sridhar Jonnala

Harmonized System (HS) tariff classification is a high-stakes, expert-level task in which a free-form product description must be mapped to a specific six- or eight-digit code under the General Interpretive Rules (GIR), section notes,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yu Zhang , Dongjiang Zhuang , Qu Zhou , Zheng Huang , Junhe Wu , Jing Cao , Kai Chen

The task of assigning and validating internationally accepted commodity code (HS code) to traded goods is one of the critical functions at the customs office. This decision is crucial to importers and exporters, as it determines the tariff…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Eunji Lee , Sundong Kim , Sihyun Kim , Sungwon Park , Meeyoung Cha , Soyeon Jung , Suyoung Yang , Yeonsoo Choi , Sungdae Ji , Minsoo Song , Heeja Kim

In this paper, we revisit the problem of product item classification for large-scale e-commerce catalogs. The taxonomy of e-commerce catalogs consists of thousands of genres to which are assigned items that are uploaded by merchants on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Hotaka Shiokawa , Pradipto Das , Arthur Toth , Justin Chiu

The rapid growth of e-commerce has placed considerable pressure on customs representatives, prompting advanced methods. In tackling this, Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have emerged as a promising approach to minimize the risks faced.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Otmane Amel , Sedrick Stassin , Sidi Ahmed Mahmoudi , Xavier Siebert

While machine learning has witnessed significant advancements, the emphasis has largely been on data acquisition and model creation. However, achieving a comprehensive assessment of machine learning solutions in real-world settings…

Because of increasing amounts of intermittent and distributed generators in power systems, many demand response programs have been developed to schedule flexible energy consumption. However, proper benchmarks for comparing these methods are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-19 Koos van der Linden , Natalia Romero , Mathijs M. de Weerdt

A significant amount of work is invested in human-machine teaming (HMT) across multiple fields. Accurately and effectively measuring system performance of an HMT is crucial for moving the design of these systems forward. Metrics are the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Praveen Damacharla , Ahmad Y. Javaid , Jennie J. Gallimore , Vijay K. Devabhaktuni

Product classification is a crucial task in international trade, as compliance regulations are verified and taxes and duties are applied based on product categories. Manual classification of products is time-consuming and error-prone, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Sina Gholamian , Gianfranco Romani , Bartosz Rudnikowicz , Stavroula Skylaki

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful tools capable of handling diverse tasks. Comparing and selecting appropriate LLMs for specific tasks requires systematic evaluation methods, as models exhibit varying capabilities across different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Anna Sokol , Elizabeth Daly , Michael Hind , David Piorkowski , Xiangliang Zhang , Nuno Moniz , Nitesh Chawla

Empirical and LLM-based research in model-driven engineering increasingly relies on datasets of software models, for instance, to train or evaluate machine learning techniques for modeling support. These datasets have a significant impact…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Philipp-Lorenz Glaser , Lola Burgueño , Dominik Bork

Hierarchical Text Classification (HTC) is a natural language processing task with the objective to classify text documents into a set of classes from a structured class hierarchy. Many HTC approaches have been proposed which attempt to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Jaco du Toit , Herman Redelinghuys , Marcel Dunaiski

The task of assigning internationally accepted commodity codes (aka HS codes) to traded goods is a critical function of customs offices. Like court decisions made by judges, this task follows the doctrine of precedent and can be nontrivial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Eunji Lee , Sihyeon Kim , Sundong Kim , Soyeon Jung , Heeja Kim , Meeyoung Cha

Software as a Service (SaaS) has seen rapid growth in recent years, thanks to its ability to adapt to diverse user needs through subscription-based models. However, as pricing models enhance the customization of subscriptions, managing the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Alejandro García-Fernández , Jose Antonio Parejo , Antonio Ruiz-Cortés

The field of High-Performance Computing (HPC) is defined by providing computing devices with highest performance for a variety of demanding scientific users. The tight co-design relationship between HPC providers and users propels the field…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Andreas Herten , Olga Pearce , Filipe S. M. Guimarães

Performing an overview of the benchmarking initiatives oriented towards the performance evaluation of Holonic Manufacturing Systems shows that there are very few of them. However, a comparison between all the isolated emu-lation…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-01-18 Olivier Cardin , Anne L'anton

Industry practitioners always face the problem of choosing the appropriate model for deployment under different considerations, such as to maximize a metric that is crucial for production, or to reduce the total cost given financial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Shi Zong , Josh Seltzer , Jiahua , Pan , Kathy Cheng , Jimmy Lin

To investigate the heterogeneity in federated learning in real-world scenarios, we generalize the classic federated learning to federated hetero-task learning, which emphasizes the inconsistency across the participants in federated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Liuyi Yao , Dawei Gao , Zhen Wang , Yuexiang Xie , Weirui Kuang , Daoyuan Chen , Haohui Wang , Chenhe Dong , Bolin Ding , Yaliang Li

Obtaining labelled data in a particular context could be expensive and time consuming. Although different algorithms, including unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, self-learning have been adopted, the performance of text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Ying Xie , Dongping Song
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