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This paper challenges the dominance of continuous pipelines in visual generation. We systematically investigate the performance gap between discrete and continuous methods. Contrary to the belief that discrete tokenizers are intrinsically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Qihang Yu , Qihao Liu , Ju He , Xinyang Zhang , Yang Liu , Liang-Chieh Chen , Xi Chen

Auto-regressive (AR) models have recently made notable progress in image generation, achieving performance comparable to diffusion-based approaches. However, their computational intensity and sequential nature impede on-device deployment,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Keming Ye , Zhou Zhao , Fan Wu , Shengyu Zhang

Decoder-only autoregressive image generation typically relies on fixed-length tokenization schemes whose token counts grow quadratically with resolution, substantially increasing the computational and memory demands of attention. We present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Divyansh Srivastava , Akshay Mehra , Pranav Maneriker , Debopam Sanyal , Vishnu Raj , Vijay Kamarshi , Fan Du , Joshua Kimball

Autoregressive (AR) image generators offer a language-model-friendly approach to image generation by predicting discrete image tokens in a causal sequence. However, unlike diffusion models, AR models lack a mechanism to refine previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Cheng Cheng , Lin Song , Di An , Yicheng Xiao , Xuchong Zhang , Hongbin Sun , Ying Shan

Recently, Vector Quantized AutoRegressive (VQ-AR) models have shown remarkable results in text-to-image synthesis by equally predicting discrete image tokens from the top left to bottom right in the latent space. Although the simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Zhengcong Fei , Mingyuan Fan , Li Zhu , Junshi Huang

Existing autoregressive (AR) image generative models use a token-by-token generation schema. That is, they predict a per-token probability distribution and sample the next token from that distribution. The main challenge is how to model the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Qinyu Zhao , Stephen Gould , Liang Zheng

Inspired by the remarkable success of autoregressive models in language modeling, this paradigm has been widely adopted in visual generation. However, the sequential token-by-token decoding mechanism inherent in traditional autoregressive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Siyang Wang , Hanting Li , Wei Li , Jie Hu , Xinghao Chen , Feng Zhao

Diffusion models demonstrate outstanding performance in image generation, but their multi-step inference mechanism requires immense computational cost. Previous works accelerate inference by leveraging layer or token cache techniques to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Haowei Zhu , Ji Liu , Ziqiong Liu , Dong Li , Junhai Yong , Bin Wang , Emad Barsoum

We introduce Hybrid Autoregressive Transformer (HART), an autoregressive (AR) visual generation model capable of directly generating 1024x1024 images, rivaling diffusion models in image generation quality. Existing AR models face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Haotian Tang , Yecheng Wu , Shang Yang , Enze Xie , Junsong Chen , Junyu Chen , Zhuoyang Zhang , Han Cai , Yao Lu , Song Han

Recent advances in autoregressive (AR) models have demonstrated their potential to rival diffusion models in image synthesis. However, for complex spatially-conditioned generation, current AR approaches rely on fine-tuning the pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Jiaqi Liu , Tao Huang , Chang Xu

Diffusion-based image generation models excel at producing high-quality synthetic content, but suffer from slow and computationally expensive inference. Prior work has attempted to mitigate this by caching and reusing features within…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Anirud Aggarwal , Abhinav Shrivastava , Matthew Gwilliam

Autoregressive (AR) approaches, which represent images as sequences of discrete tokens from a finite codebook, have achieved remarkable success in image generation. However, the quantization process and the limited codebook size inevitably…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jinyuan Hu , Jiayou Zhang , Shaobo Cui , Kun Zhang , Guangyi Chen

The rapid advancement of image-generation technologies has made it possible for anyone to create photorealistic images using generative models, raising significant security concerns. To mitigate malicious use, tracing the origin of such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chao Wang , Zijin Yang , Yaofei Wang , Weiming Zhang , Kejiang Chen

Autoregressive (AR) visual generation has emerged as a powerful paradigm for image and multimodal synthesis, owing to its scalability and generality. However, existing AR image generation suffers from severe memory bottlenecks due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Ziran Qin , Youru Lv , Mingbao Lin , Zeren Zhang , Chanfan Gan , Tieyuan Chen , Weiyao Lin

Existing vector quantization (VQ) based autoregressive models follow a two-stage generation paradigm that first learns a codebook to encode images as discrete codes, and then completes generation based on the learned codebook. However, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Mengqi Huang , Zhendong Mao , Zhuowei Chen , Yongdong Zhang

Masked-based autoregressive models have demonstrated promising image generation capability in continuous space. However, their potential for video generation remains under-explored. In this paper, we propose \textbf{VideoMAR}, a concise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Hu Yu , Biao Gong , Hangjie Yuan , DanDan Zheng , Weilong Chai , Jingdong Chen , Kecheng Zheng , Feng Zhao

Visual autoregressive (AR) generation offers a promising path toward unifying vision and language models, yet its performance remains suboptimal against diffusion models. Prior work often attributes this gap to tokenizer limitations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Qiyuan He , Yicong Li , Haotian Ye , Jinghao Wang , Xinyao Liao , Pheng-Ann Heng , Stefano Ermon , James Zou , Angela Yao

In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of text-to-image generation models. However, these models still face limitations when it comes to achieving full controllability during the generation process. Often,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Salaheldin Mohamed

Diffusion models have revolutionized generative tasks, especially in the domain of text-to-image synthesis; however, their iterative denoising process demands substantial computational resources. In this paper, we present a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Xinle Cheng , Zhuoming Chen , Zhihao Jia

Visual autoregressive modeling, based on the next-scale prediction paradigm, exhibits notable advantages in image quality and model scalability over traditional autoregressive and diffusion models. It generates images by progressively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zhuokun Chen , Jugang Fan , Zhuowei Yu , Bohan Zhuang , Mingkui Tan