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Colors observed in nature are very important to form our perception of an object as well as its design. The desire to reproduce vivid colors such as those found in birds, fishes, flowers and insects has driven extensive research into…

Although the observation of optical spectra is common practice in physics classes, students are usually limited to a passive, qualitative observation of nice colours. This article discusses a diffraction-based spectrometer that allows…

Physics Education · Physics 2012-04-30 Robert Fischer

Precise modelling of the (off-axis) point spread function (PSF) to identify geometrical and polarization aberrations is important for many optical systems. In order to characterise the PSF of the system in all Stokes parameters, an…

Optics · Physics 2018-11-27 Steven P. Bos , Sebastiaan Y. Haffert , Christoph U. Keller

The absorption and emission of light by exoplanet atmospheres encode details of atmospheric composition, temperature, and dynamics. Fundamentally, simulating these processes requires detailed knowledge of the opacity of gases within an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-07 Arjun B. Savel , Megan Bedell , Eliza M. -R. Kempton

Optical spectroscopy is an important and widely used technique, for instance, to characterize new materials and to identify unknown compounds. Spectra are typically reported as a function of the wavelength of light, yet the information…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-06 Erik F. Woering , Richard Hildner

The colorful appearance of a physical painting is determined by the distribution of paint pigments across the canvas, which we model as a per-pixel mixture of a small number of pigments with multispectral absorption and scattering…

Graphics · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Jianchao Tan , Stephen DiVerdi , Jingwan Lu , Yotam Gingold

Color can originate from wavelength-dependence in the absorption of pigments or the scattering of nanostructures. While synthetic colors are dominated by the former, vivid structural colors found in nature have inspired much research on the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-25 Tianqi Sai , Luis S. Froufe-Pérez , Frank Scheffold , Bodo D. Wilts , Eric R. Dufresne

We present the intrinsic optical properties over a broad spectral range of TiN thin films deposited on a Si/SiO$_2$ substrate. We analyze the measured reflectivity spectra of the film-substrate multilayer structure within a well-establish…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-13 F. Pfuner , L. Degiorgi , T. I. Baturina , V. M. Vinokur , M. R. Baklanov

Light interreflections occurring in a concave object generate a color gradient which is characteristic of the object's spectral reflectance. In this paper, we use this property in order to estimate the spectral reflectance of matte,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Rada Deeb , Damien Muselet , Mathieu Hebert , Alain Tremeau

Spectral line observations encode a wealth of information. A key challenge, therefore, lies in the interpretation of these observations in terms of models to derive the physical and chemical properties of the astronomical environments from…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-06 Frederik De Ceuster , Thomas Ceulemans , Leen Decin , Taïssa Danilovich , Jeremy Yates

In a recent experiment, the out-of-plane surface susceptibility of a single-layer two-dimensional atom crystal in the visible spectrum has been measured. This susceptibility gives a measurable contribution to the reflectivity of…

Optics · Physics 2022-05-26 Luca Dell'Anna , Yu He , Michele Merano

When light hits a multilayer planar stack, it is reflected, refracted, and absorbed in a way that can be derived from the Fresnel equations. The analysis is treated in many textbooks, and implemented in many software programs, but certain…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-01-01 Steven J. Byrnes

Illuminant estimation aims to infer scene illumination from image measurements despite intrinsic ambiguities between surface reflectance and lighting. Most existing methods operate on trichromatic RGB images and are therefore fundamentally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 G. Dofri Vidarsson , Liying Lu , Sabine Süsstrunk

How much does a single image reveal about the environment it was taken in? In this paper, we investigate how much of that information can be retrieved from a foreground object, combined with the background (i.e. the visible part of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-02 Stamatios Georgoulis , Konstantinos Rematas , Tobias Ritschel , Mario Fritz , Tinne Tuytelaars , Luc Van Gool

The color sensation evoked by an object depends on both the spectral power distribution of the illumination and the reflectance properties of the object being illuminated. The color sensation can be characterized by three color-space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Scott Allen Burns

Structural coloration is commonly modeled using wave optics for reliable and photorealistic rendering of natural, quasi-periodic and complex nanostructures. Such models often rely on dense, preliminary or preprocessed data to accurately…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Narayan Kandel , Daljit Singh J. S. Dhillon

We present PyMoosh, a Python-based simulation library designed to provide a comprehensive set of numerical tools allowing to compute essentially all optical characteristics of multilayered structures, ranging from reflectance and…

For the first time it is shown that for thin metallic films thickness of which not exceed thickness of skin-layer, the problem allows analytical solution for arbitrary boundary value problems. The analysis of dependence of coefficients of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 A. V. Latyshev , A. A. Yushkanov

A lighting-based multispectral imaging system using an RGB camera and a projector is one of the most practical and low-cost systems to acquire multispectral observations for estimating the scene's spectral reflectance information. However,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-21 Hironori Hidaka , Yusuke Monno , Masatoshi Okutomi

A Chern-Simons theory in 3D is accomplished by the so-called $\theta$-term in the action, $(\theta/2)\int F\wedge F$, which contributes only to observable effects on the boundaries of such a system. When electromagnetic radiation interacts…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-01-18 Luis Huerta