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Data collection for autonomous driving is rapidly accelerating, but manual annotation, especially for 3D labels, remains a major bottleneck due to its high cost and labor intensity. Autolabeling has emerged as a scalable alternative,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Levente Tempfli , Esteban Rivera , Markus Lienkamp

Testing autonomous robotic systems, such as self-driving cars and unmanned aerial vehicles, is challenging due to their interaction with highly unpredictable environments. A common practice is to first conduct simulation-based testing,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Dmytro Humeniuk , Foutse Khomh

The fact that accurately predicted information can serve as an energy source paves the way for new approaches to autonomous learning. The energy derived from a sequence of successful predictions can be recycled as an immediate incentive and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Alex Ushveridze

Compressed sensing techniques enable efficient acquisition and recovery of sparse, high-dimensional data signals via low-dimensional projections. In this work, we propose Uncertainty Autoencoders, a learning framework for unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-15 Aditya Grover , Stefano Ermon

Smart microscopy represents a paradigm shift in biological imaging, moving from passive observation tools to active collaborators in scientific inquiry. Enabled by advances in automation, computational power, and artificial intelligence,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 P. S. Kesavan , Pontus Nordenfelt

The emergence of Self-Driving Laboratories (SDLs) transforms scientific discovery methodology by integrating AI with robotic automation to create closed-loop experimental systems capable of autonomous hypothesis generation, experimentation,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Zihan Zhang , Haohui Que , Junhan Chang , Xin Zhang , Hao Wei , Tong Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in assisting scientific discovery. However, such applications are currently limited by LLMs' deficiencies in understanding intricate scientific concepts, deriving symbolic equations, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Dan Zhang , Ziniu Hu , Sining Zhoubian , Zhengxiao Du , Kaiyu Yang , Zihan Wang , Yisong Yue , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Artificial intelligence has demonstrated remarkable capability in predicting scientific properties, yet scientific discovery remains an inherently physical, long-horizon pursuit governed by experimental cycles. Most current computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Xiang Zhuang , Chenyi Zhou , Kehua Feng , Zhihui Zhu , Yunfan Gao , Yijie Zhong , Yichi Zhang , Junjie Huang , Keyan Ding , Lei Bai , Haofen Wang , Qiang Zhang , Huajun Chen

Macromolecular and biomolecular folding landscapes typically contain high free energy barriers that impede efficient sampling of configurational space by standard molecular dynamics simulation. Biased sampling can artificially drive the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-11-01 Wei Chen , Andrew L Ferguson

Can the rapid advances in code generation, function calling, and data analysis using large language models (LLMs) help automate the search and verification of hypotheses purely from a set of provided datasets? To evaluate this question, we…

The field of AI research is advancing at an unprecedented pace, enabling automated hypothesis generation and experimental design across diverse domains such as biology, mathematics, and artificial intelligence. Despite these advancements,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yaowenqi Liu , Bingxu Meng , Rui Pan , Yuxing Liu , Jerry Huang , Jiaxuan You , Tong Zhang

Scientific discovery is poised for rapid advancement through advanced robotics and artificial intelligence. Current scientific practices face substantial limitations as manual experimentation remains time-consuming and resource-intensive,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Pengsong Zhang , Heng Zhang , Huazhe Xu , Renjun Xu , Zhenting Wang , Cong Wang , Animesh Garg , Zhibin Li , Arash Ajoudani , Xinyu Liu

Scientific progress in Earth science depends on integrating data across the planet's interconnected spheres. However, the accelerating volume and fragmentation of multi-sphere knowledge and data have surpassed human analytical capacity.…

Learning Progressions (LPs) can help adjust instruction to individual learners needs if the LPs reflect diverse ways of thinking about a construct being measured, and if the LP-aligned assessments meaningfully measure this diversity. The…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Leonora Kaldaras , Tingting Li , Prudence Djagba , Kevin Haudek , Joseph Krajcik

Remarkable success of modern image-based AI methods and the resulting interest in their applications in critical decision-making processes has led to a surge in efforts to make such intelligent systems transparent and explainable. The need…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Adriano Lucieri , Muhammad Naseer Bajwa , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

Self-driving laboratories (SDLs) close the loop between experiment design, automated execution, and data-driven decision making, and they provide a demanding testbed for agentic AI under expensive actions, noisy and delayed feedback, strict…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Xuanzhou Chen , Audrey Wang , Stanley Yin , Hanyang Jiang , Dong Zhang

The advent of big data has vast potential for discovery in natural phenomena ranging from climate science to medicine, but overwhelming complexity stymies insight. Existing theory is often not able to succinctly describe salient phenomena,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Bryan E. Kaiser , Juan A. Saenz , Maike Sonnewald , Daniel Livescu

Unsupervised learning, a branch of machine learning that can operate on unlabelled data, has proven to be a powerful tool for data exploration and discovery in astronomy. As large surveys and new telescopes drive a rapid increase in data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-22 Koketso Mohale , Michelle Lochner

Learning-based approaches to autonomous vehicle planners have the potential to scale to many complicated real-world driving scenarios by leveraging huge amounts of driver demonstrations. However, prior work only learns to estimate a single…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Haolan Liu , Jishen Zhao , Liangjun Zhang

Discovering and optimizing commercially viable materials for clean energy applications typically takes over a decade. Self-driving laboratories that iteratively design, execute, and learn from material science experiments in a fully…