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Robots capable of performing manipulation tasks in a broad range of missions in unstructured environments can develop numerous applications to impact and enhance human life. Existing work in robot learning has shown success in applying…

To accelerate materials discovery using self-driving labs (SDLs), we present a machine learning pipeline that predicts the electrical conductivity of doped conjugated polymers using rapid, non-destructive optical spectroscopy. Our approach…

Scientific data processing often requires task-specific algorithms or AI models, creating a barrier for domain scientists who need to analyze their data but may not have extensive computing or image-processing expertise. This barrier is…

Given that observational and numerical climate data are being produced at ever more prodigious rates, increasingly sophisticated and automated analysis techniques have become essential. Deep learning is quickly becoming a standard approach…

With the availability of large databases and recent improvements in deep learning methodology, the performance of AI systems is reaching or even exceeding the human level on an increasing number of complex tasks. Impressive examples of this…

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly applied in scientific activities for decades; however, it is still far from an insightful and trustworthy collaborator in the scientific process. Most existing AI methods are either too…

Trustworthy AI is mandatory for the broad deployment of autonomous vehicles. Although end-to-end approaches derive control commands directly from raw data, interpreting these decisions remains challenging, especially in complex urban…

Many scientific disciplines have traditionally advanced by iterating over hypotheses using labor-intensive trial-and-error, which is a slow and expensive process. Recent advances in computing, digitalization, and machine learning have…

Machine learning and artificial intelligence (ML/AI) are rapidly becoming an indispensable part of physics research, with domain applications ranging from theory and materials prediction to high-throughput data analysis. In parallel, the…

The advancements of large language models (LLMs) have piqued growing interest in developing LLM-based language agents to automate scientific discovery end-to-end, which has sparked both excitement and skepticism about their true…

Space biology research aims to understand fundamental effects of spaceflight on organisms, develop foundational knowledge to support deep space exploration, and ultimately bioengineer spacecraft and habitats to stabilize the ecosystem of…

Large language models (LLMs), have shown strong potential in scientific discovery, yet existing methods still face substantial challenges in the design of research workflows and multi-role collaboration mechanisms. To mitigate these issues,…

In recent years, the application of behavioral testing in Natural Language Processing (NLP) model evaluation has experienced a remarkable and substantial growth. However, the existing methods continue to be restricted by the requirements…

Software engineering practices for validating autonomous cyber-physical systems (e.g., Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles) remain fragmented across scenario design, simulation execution, and telemetry analysis, limiting traceability between…

Large vision-language models (VLMs) have garnered increasing interest in autonomous driving areas, due to their advanced capabilities in complex reasoning tasks essential for highly autonomous vehicle behavior. Despite their potential,…

Computing has long served as a cornerstone of scientific discovery. Recently, a paradigm shift has emerged with the rise of large language models (LLMs), introducing autonomous systems, referred to as agents, that accelerate discovery…

To plan safe maneuvers and act with foresight, autonomous vehicles must be capable of accurately predicting the uncertain future. In the context of autonomous driving, deep neural networks have been successfully applied to learning…

The CASPER (Collaboration for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronic Research) toolflow is a widely used framework for designing and implementing digital signal processing systems, particularly in the field of radio astronomy. It…

Tackling the most pressing problems for humanity, such as the climate crisis and the threat of global pandemics, requires accelerating the pace of scientific discovery. While science has traditionally relied on trial and error and even…

One of the most exciting technology breakthroughs in the last few years has been the rise of deep learning. State-of-the-art deep learning models are being widely deployed in academia and industry, across a variety of areas, from image…