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Mathematical models of interactions among rational agents have long been studied in game theory. However these interactions are often over a small set of discrete game actions which is very different from how humans communicate in natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Ian Gemp , Roma Patel , Yoram Bachrach , Marc Lanctot , Vibhavari Dasagi , Luke Marris , Georgios Piliouras , Siqi Liu , Karl Tuyls

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their remarkable capacity across a variety of tasks. However, reasoning remains a challenge for LLMs. To improve LLMs' reasoning ability, process supervision has proven to be better than…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Shuangtao Li , Shuaihao Dong , Kexin Luan , Xinhan Di , Chaofan Ding

This study utilizes the game Codenames as a benchmarking tool to evaluate large language models (LLMs) with respect to specific linguistic and cognitive skills. LLMs play each side of the game, where one side generates a clue word covering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Sherzod Hakimov , Lara Pfennigschmidt , David Schlangen

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in natural language processing (NLP). LLMs require an extreme amount of parameters to attain high performance. As models grow into the trillion-parameter range,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Zhyar Rzgar K Rostam , Sándor Szénási , Gábor Kertész

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on tasks with short time frames, but struggle with tasks requiring longer durations. While datasets covering extended-duration tasks, such as software engineering tasks or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Massimo Fioravanti , Giovanni Agosta

Precisely understanding users' contextual search intent has been an important challenge for conversational search. As conversational search sessions are much more diverse and long-tailed, existing methods trained on limited data still show…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Kelong Mao , Zhicheng Dou , Fengran Mo , Jiewen Hou , Haonan Chen , Hongjin Qian

Heuristic search is the dominant paradigm in symbolic AI planning, and the strongest heuristics are the result of decades of work by planning researchers. Recent work has shown that large language models (LLMs) can design heuristics for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Elliot Gestrin , Jendrik Seipp

This paper investigates how the integration of large language models influences gameplay, playability, and player experience in game development. We report a collaborative autoethnographic study of two game projects in which LLMs were…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Keeryn Johnson , Muhammad Ahmed , Charlie Lang , Sahib Thethi , Wilson Zheng , Ronnie de Souza Santos

Reliable task planning is pivotal for achieving long-horizon autonomy in real-world robotic systems. Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising interface for translating complex and ambiguous natural language instructions into…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Junfeng Tang , Yuping Yan , Zihan Ye , Zhenshou , Song , Zeqi Zheng , Yaochu Jin

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enhanced natural-language reasoning. However, their limited parametric memory and susceptibility to hallucination present persistent challenges for tasks requiring accurate,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yu-Hsuan Lin , Qian-Hui Chen , Yi-Jie Cheng , Jia-Ren Zhang , Yi-Hung Liu , Liang-Yu Hsia , Yun-Nung Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in interactive environments requiring strategic decision-making, yet systematic evaluation of these capabilities remains challenging. Existing benchmarks for LLMs primarily assess…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Lingfeng Li , Yunlong Lu , Yuefei Zhang , Jingyu Yao , Yixin Zhu , KeYuan Cheng , Yongyi Wang , Qirui Zheng , Xionghui Yang , Wenxin Li

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential to accelerate scientific discovery as valuable tools for analyzing data, generating hypotheses, and supporting innovative approaches in various scientific fields. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Jin Huang , Silviu Cucerzan , Sujay Kumar Jauhar , Ryen W. White

Existing Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown the potential of reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance the complex reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models~(LLMs). While they achieve remarkable performance on challenging tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Huatong Song , Jinhao Jiang , Yingqian Min , Jie Chen , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Lei Fang , Ji-Rong Wen

Large language models (LLMs) provide powerful means to leverage prior knowledge for predictive modeling when data is limited. In this work, we demonstrate how LLMs can use their compressed world knowledge to generate intrinsically…

Modern search engines are built on a stack of different components, including query understanding, retrieval, multi-stage ranking, and question answering, among others. These components are often optimized and deployed independently. In…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Xiaolong Huang , Linjun Yang , Rangan Majumder , Furu Wei

The overwhelming success of GPT-4 in early 2023 highlighted the transformative potential of large language models (LLMs) across various sectors, including national security. This article explores the implications of LLM integration within…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-08 William N. Caballero , Phillip R. Jenkins

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in decision-critical domains, it becomes essential to ensure that their confidence estimates faithfully correspond to their actual correctness. Existing calibration methods have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Ke Fang , Tianyi Zhao , Lu Cheng

Among the most important properties of algorithms investigated in computer science are soundness, completeness, and complexity. These properties, however, are rarely analyzed for the vast collection of recently proposed methods for planning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Michael Katz , Harsha Kokel , Kavitha Srinivas , Shirin Sohrabi

Chess provides an ideal testbed for evaluating the reasoning, modeling, and abstraction capabilities of large language models (LLMs), as it has well-defined structure and objective ground truth while admitting a wide spectrum of skill…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Qianfeng Wen , Zhenwei Tang , Ashton Anderson