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This paper studies the performance of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) in text classification tasks typical for political science research. By examining tasks like stance, topic, and relevance classification, we aim to guide…

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized zero-shot task performance, mitigating the need for task-specific annotations while enhancing task generalizability. Despite its advancements, current methods using trigger phrases such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Saurabh Srivastava , Chengyue Huang , Weiguo Fan , Ziyu Yao

Large language models (LLMs) have shown their potential in long-context understanding and mathematical reasoning. In this paper, we study the problem of using LLMs to detect tabular anomalies and show that pre-trained LLMs are zero-shot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Aodong Li , Yunhan Zhao , Chen Qiu , Marius Kloft , Padhraic Smyth , Maja Rudolph , Stephan Mandt

Source code authorship attribution is important in software forensics, plagiarism detection, and protecting software patch integrity. Existing techniques often rely on supervised machine learning, which struggles with generalization across…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Soohyeon Choi , Yong Kiam Tan , Mark Huasong Meng , Mohamed Ragab , Soumik Mondal , David Mohaisen , Khin Mi Mi Aung

LLMs now exhibit human-like skills in various fields, leading to worries about misuse. Thus, detecting generated text is crucial. However, passive detection methods are stuck in domain specificity and limited adversarial robustness. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Xi Yang , Kejiang Chen , Weiming Zhang , Chang Liu , Yuang Qi , Jie Zhang , Han Fang , Nenghai Yu

Large language models~(LLMs) are instruction followers, but it can be challenging to find the best instruction for different situations, especially for black-box LLMs on which backpropagation is forbidden. Instead of directly optimizing the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Lichang Chen , Jiuhai Chen , Tom Goldstein , Heng Huang , Tianyi Zhou

We propose WHISPER-GPT: A generative large language model (LLM) for speech and music that allows us to work with continuous audio representations and discrete tokens simultaneously as part of a single architecture. There has been a huge…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Prateek Verma

The increasing capability and widespread usage of large language models (LLMs) highlight the desirability of automatic detection of LLM-generated text. Zero-shot detectors, due to their training-free nature, have received considerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Shixuan Ma , Quan Wang

Today, the training of large language models (LLMs) can involve personally identifiable information and copyrighted material, incurring dataset misuse. To mitigate the problem of dataset misuse, this paper explores \textit{dataset…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ruikai Zhou , Kang Yang , Xun Chen , Wendy Hui Wang , Guanhong Tao , Jun Xu

Detecting text generated by large language models (LLMs) is of great recent interest. With zero-shot methods like DetectGPT, detection capabilities have reached impressive levels. However, the reliability of existing detectors in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Junchao Wu , Runzhe Zhan , Derek F. Wong , Shu Yang , Xinyi Yang , Yulin Yuan , Lidia S. Chao

Reading comprehension tests are used in a variety of applications, reaching from education to assessing the comprehensibility of simplified texts. However, creating such tests manually and ensuring their quality is difficult and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Andreas Säuberli , Simon Clematide

The increasing threat of SMS spam, driven by evolving adversarial techniques and concept drift, calls for more robust and adaptive detection methods. In this paper, we evaluate the potential of large language models (LLMs), both open-source…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Muhammad Salman , Muhammad Ikram , Nardine Basta , Mohamed Ali Kaafar

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection has seen significant advancements with zero-shot approaches by leveraging the powerful Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP. However, prior research works have predominantly focused on enhancing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Pei-Kang Lee , Jun-Cheng Chen , Ja-Ling Wu

Black-box tuning is an emerging paradigm for adapting large language models (LLMs) to better achieve desired behaviors, particularly when direct access to model parameters is unavailable. Current strategies, however, often present a dilemma…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Zhikang Xie , Weilin Wan , Peizhu Gong , Weizhong Zhang , Cheng Jin

We introduce LAMPO, a novel paradigm that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) for solving few-shot multi-class ordinal classification tasks. Unlike conventional methods, which concatenate all demonstration examples with the test instance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Zhen Qin , Junru Wu , Jiaming Shen , Tianqi Liu , Xuanhui Wang

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various open-vocabulary tasks, yet their zero-shot performance lags behind task-specific fine-tuned models, particularly in complex tasks like Referring Expression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Amaia Cardiel , Eloi Zablocki , Elias Ramzi , Oriane Siméoni , Matthieu Cord

Hierarchical Text Classification (HTC) aims to assign texts to structured label hierarchies; however, it faces challenges due to data scarcity and model complexity. This study explores the feasibility of using black box Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Kosuke Yoshimura , Hisashi Kashima

Zero-shot methods detect LLM-generated text by computing statistical signatures using a surrogate model. Existing approaches typically employ a fixed surrogate for all inputs regardless of the unknown source. We systematically examine this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ke Sun , Guangsheng Bao , Han Cui , Yue Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in sensitive domains including healthcare, legal services, and confidential communications, where privacy is paramount. This paper introduces Whisper Leak, a side-channel attack that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Geoff McDonald , Jonathan Bar Or

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality texts across diverse domains. However, the potential misuse of LLMs has raised significant concerns, underscoring the urgent need for reliable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yihuai Xu , Yongwei Wang , Yifei Bi , Huangsen Cao , Zhouhan Lin , Yu Zhao , Fei Wu
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