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Large language models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning through chain of thought (CoT) prompting. Recently, there has been a growing interest in transferring these reasoning abilities from LLMs to smaller…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Hongzhan Chen , Siyue Wu , Xiaojun Quan , Rui Wang , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang

We introduce a method for efficient multi-label text classification with large language models (LLMs), built on reformulating classification tasks as sequences of dichotomic (yes/no) decisions. Instead of generating all labels in a single…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Mikołaj Langner , Jan Eliasz , Ewa Rudnicka , Jan Kocoń

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across diverse tasks, yet their ability to perform structured symbolic planning remains limited, particularly in domains requiring formal representations like the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Pulkit Verma , Ngoc La , Anthony Favier , Swaroop Mishra , Julie A. Shah

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly enhanced cross-modal understanding and reasoning by incorporating Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning in the semantic space. Building upon this, recent studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Chengzhi Liu , Yuzhe Yang , Yue Fan , Qingyue Wei , Sheng Liu , Xin Eric Wang

Large language model (LLM)-based recommender models that bridge users and items through textual prompts for effective semantic reasoning have gained considerable attention. However, few methods consider the underlying rationales behind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Xinfeng Wang , Jin Cui , Yoshimi Suzuki , Fumiyo Fukumoto

Atomized chemical knowledge, such as functional group information of molecules and reactions, plays a pivotal intermediate role in the reasoning process that connects molecular structures with their properties and reactivities. While large…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zihan Zhao , Ziping Wan , Lu Chen , Xuanze Lin , Shiyang Yu , Situo Zhang , Da Ma , Zichen Zhu , Danyang Zhang , Huayang Wang , Zhongyang Dai , Liyang Wen , Bo Chen , Xin Chen , Kai Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased exceptional capabilities in various domains, attracting significant interest from both academia and industry. Despite their impressive performance, the substantial size and computational demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Chuanpeng Yang , Wang Lu , Yao Zhu , Yidong Wang , Qian Chen , Chenlong Gao , Bingjie Yan , Yiqiang Chen

Understanding user intents from UI interaction trajectories remains a challenging, yet crucial, frontier in intelligent agent development. While massive, datacenter-based, multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) possess greater capacity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Danielle Cohen , Yoni Halpern , Noam Kahlon , Joel Oren , Omri Berkovitch , Sapir Caduri , Ido Dagan , Anatoly Efros

In modern e-commerce search systems, dense retrieval has become an indispensable component. By computing similarities between query and item (product) embeddings, it efficiently selects candidate products from large-scale repositories. With…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jianting Tang , Dongshuai Li , Tao Wen , Fuyu Lv , Dan Ou , Linli Xu

Vision-Language Models often struggle with complex visual reasoning due to the visual information loss in textual CoT. Existing methods either add the cost of tool calls or rely on localized patch-based embeddings that are insufficient to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Mengdan Zhu , Senhao Cheng , Liang Zhao

The increasing use of LLM-based agents to support decision-making and control across diverse domains motivates the need for systematic deconfliction of their proposed actions. We present a deconfliction framework for coordinating multiple…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Shiva Poudel , Thiagarajan Ramachandran , Orestis Vasios , Andrew P. Reiman

With a recent trend of using Large Language Models (LLMs) for different applications within smart cities, there is a need for pushing these models toward the edge of network while still preserving their performance. Edge Computing (EC) as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Minoo Hosseinzadeh , Hana Khamfroush

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) significantly enhances formal reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) by training them to explicitly generate intermediate reasoning steps. While LLMs readily benefit from such techniques, improving…

Large Language Models (LLMs) herald a transformative era in artificial intelligence (AI). However, the expansive scale of data and parameters of LLMs requires high-demand computational and memory resources, restricting their accessibility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Shengwen Ding , Chenhui Hu

Large language models (LLMs), known for their exceptional reasoning capabilities, generalizability, and fluency across diverse domains, present a promising avenue for enhancing speech-related tasks. In this paper, we focus on integrating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Chao-Wei Huang , Hui Lu , Hongyu Gong , Hirofumi Inaguma , Ilia Kulikov , Ruslan Mavlyutov , Sravya Popuri

It has been shown that Large Language Models' (LLMs) performance can be improved for many tasks using Chain of Thought (CoT) or In-Context Learning (ICL), which involve demonstrating the steps needed to solve a task using a few examples.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Joseph Shtok , Amit Alfassy , Foad Abo Dahood , Eliyahu Schwartz , Sivan Doveh , Assaf Arbelle

Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4 have revolutionized natural language processing, showing remarkable linguistic proficiency and reasoning capabilities. However, their application in strategic multi-agent decision-making environments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Chuanhao Li , Runhan Yang , Tiankai Li , Milad Bafarassat , Kourosh Sharifi , Dirk Bergemann , Zhuoran Yang

Recent dense retrievers increasingly leverage the robust text understanding capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), encoding queries and documents into a shared embedding space for effective retrieval. However, most existing methods…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yifan Ji , Zhipeng Xu , Zhenghao Liu , Yukun Yan , Shi Yu , Yishan Li , Zhiyuan Liu , Yu Gu , Ge Yu , Maosong Sun

On-Policy Self-Distillation (OPSD) is a unified learning framework in which a single large language model acts simultaneously as both teacher and student. Unlike conventional knowledge distillation that relies on a separate, often larger…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Fangming Cui , Sunan Li , Jiahong Li

Federated learning (FL) for large language models (LLMs) offers a privacy-preserving scheme, enabling clients to collaboratively fine-tune locally deployed LLMs or smaller language models (SLMs) without exchanging raw data. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Xinlu Zhang , Na Yan , Yang Su , Yansha Deng , Toktam Mahmoodi