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Controlling undesirable Large Language Model (LLM) behaviors, such as the generation of unsafe content or failing to adhere to safety guidelines, often relies on costly fine-tuning. Activation steering provides an alternative for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Amr Hegazy , Mostafa Elhoushi , Amr Alanwar

Personality steering in large language models (LLMs) commonly relies on injecting trait-specific steering vectors, implicitly assuming that personality traits can be controlled independently. In this work, we examine whether this assumption…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Pranav Bhandari , Usman Naseem , Mehwish Nasim

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities to generate responses that simulate consistent personality traits. Despite the major attempts to analyze personality expression through output-based evaluations, little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Tianjie Ju , Zhenyu Shao , Bowen Wang , Yujia Chen , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hao Fei , Mong-Li Lee , Wynne Hsu , Sufeng Duan , Gongshen Liu

Recent advances in automated theorem proving use Large Language Models (LLMs) to translate informal mathematical statements into formal proofs. However, informal cues are often ambiguous or lack strict logical structure, making it hard for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shashank Kirtania , Arun Iyer

The era of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents a new opportunity for interpretability--agentic interpretability: a multi-turn conversation with an LLM wherein the LLM proactively assists human understanding by developing and leveraging a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Been Kim , John Hewitt , Neel Nanda , Noah Fiedel , Oyvind Tafjord

Automated essay scoring (AES) is a challenging task in cross-prompt settings due to the diversity of scoring criteria. While previous studies have focused on the output of large language models (LLMs) to improve scoring accuracy, we believe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jinwei Chi , Ke Wang , Yu Chen , Xuanye Lin , Qiang Xu

Activation steering offers a computationally efficient mechanism for controlling Large Language Models (LLMs) without fine-tuning. While effectively controlling target traits (e.g., persona), coherency degradation remains a major obstacle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yoshihiro Izawa , Gouki Minegishi , Koshi Eguchi , Sosuke Hosokawa , Kenjiro Taura

The pursuit of human-level artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly advanced the development of autonomous agents and Large Language Models (LLMs). LLMs are now widely utilized as decision-making agents for their ability to interpret…

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), has opened exciting possibilities for constructing computational simulations designed to replicate human behavior accurately. Current research suggests that LLM-based agents become increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Amir Taubenfeld , Yaniv Dover , Roi Reichart , Ariel Goldstein

An unintended consequence of the vast pretraining of Large Language Models (LLMs) is the verbatim memorization of fragments of their training data, which may contain sensitive or copyrighted information. In recent years, unlearning has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Atakan Seyitoğlu , Aleksei Kuvshinov , Leo Schwinn , Stephan Günnemann

Refusal behavior in large language models (LLMs) enables them to decline responding to harmful, unethical, or inappropriate prompts, ensuring alignment with ethical standards. This paper investigates refusal behavior across six LLMs from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Fabian Hildebrandt , Andreas Maier , Patrick Krauss , Achim Schilling

The recent surge of versatile large language models (LLMs) largely depends on aligning increasingly capable foundation models with human intentions by preference learning, enhancing LLMs with excellent applicability and effectiveness in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Ruili Jiang , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Zhixuan He , Juntao Li , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Liqiang Nie , Min Zhang

The influence of personas on Large Language Models (LLMs) has been widely studied, yet their direct impact on performance remains uncertain. This work explores a novel approach to guiding LLM behaviour through role vectors, an alternative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Daniele Potertì , Andrea Seveso , Fabio Mercorio

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in human-centered social scientific tasks, such as data annotation, synthetic data creation, and engaging in dialog. However, these tasks are highly subjective and dependent on human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Salvatore Giorgi , Tingting Liu , Ankit Aich , Kelsey Isman , Garrick Sherman , Zachary Fried , João Sedoc , Lyle H. Ungar , Brenda Curtis

The rapid rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has created new disruptive possibilities for persuasive communication, enabling fully-automated, personalized, and interactive content generation at an unprecedented scale. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Sander Noels , Alexander Rogiers , Maarten Buyl , Tijl De Bie

Large-language models are capable of completing a variety of tasks, but remain unpredictable and intractable. Representation engineering seeks to resolve this problem through a new approach utilizing samples of contrasting inputs to detect…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Lukasz Bartoszcze , Sarthak Munshi , Bryan Sukidi , Jennifer Yen , Zejia Yang , David Williams-King , Linh Le , Kosi Asuzu , Carsten Maple

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming widely used to support various workflows across different disciplines, yet their potential in discrete choice modelling remains relatively unexplored. This work examines the potential of LLMs as…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-18 Georges Sfeir , Gabriel Nova , Stephane Hess , Sander van Cranenburgh

Large language models (LLMs) can be controlled at inference time through prompts (in-context learning) and internal activations (activation steering). Different accounts have been proposed to explain these methods, yet their common goal of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Eric Bigelow , Daniel Wurgaft , YingQiao Wang , Noah Goodman , Tomer Ullman , Hidenori Tanaka , Ekdeep Singh Lubana

This study proposes a framework that employs personality prompting with Large Language Models to generate verbal and nonverbal behaviors for virtual agents based on personality traits. Focusing on extraversion, we evaluated the system in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Bin Han , Deuksin Kwon , Spencer Lin , Kaleen Shrestha , Jonathan Gratch

Conversational Recommender Systems (CRSs) engage users in multi-turn interactions to deliver personalized recommendations. The emergence of large language models (LLMs) further enhances these systems by enabling more natural and dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Xiaoyan Zhao , Yang Deng , Wenjie Wang , Hongzhan lin , Hong Cheng , Rui Zhang , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua