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The Schmidt number represents the genuine entanglement dimension of a bipartite quantum state. We derive simple criteria for the Schmidt number of a density matrix in arbitrary local dimensions. They are based on the trace norm of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-18 Armin Tavakoli , Simon Morelli

The Schmidt numbers quantify the entanglement degree of quantum states. Quantum states with high Schmidt numbers provide a larger advantage in various quantum information processing tasks compared to quantum states with low Schmidt numbers.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Hao-Fan Wang , Shao-Ming Fei

We present a measure of quantum entanglement which is capable of quantifying the degree of entanglement of a multi-partite quantum system. This measure, which is based on a generalization of the Schmidt rank of a pure state, is defined on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 J. Eisert , H. -J. Briegel

Quantum entanglement is an important resource in many modern technologies, like quantum computation or quantum communication and information processing. Therefore, most interest is given to detect and quantify entangled states. Entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Katarzyna Siudzińska

The Schmidt coefficients capture all entanglement properties of a pure bipartite state and therefore determine its usefulness for quantum information processing. While the quantification of the corresponding properties in mixed states is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-08 Gael Sentís , Christopher Eltschka , Otfried Gühne , Marcus Huber , Jens Siewert

Higher dimensional entangled states demonstrate significant advantages in quantum information processing tasks. Schmidt number is a quantity on the entanglement dimension of a bipartite state. Here we build families of k-positive maps from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Xian Shi

The Schmidt number is a fundamental parameter characterizing the properties of quantum states, and the local projections are a fundamental operation in quantum physics. We investigate the relation between the Schmidt numbers of bipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-19 Lin Chen , Yu Yang , Wai-shing Tang

The Schmidt number is of crucial importance in characterizing the bipartite pure states. We explore and propose here a generalization of Schmidt number for states in multipartite systems. It is shown to be entanglement monotonic and valid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-12 Yu Guo , Heng Fan

The purpose of this paper is to study entanglement of quantum states by means of Schmidt decomposition. The notion of Schmidt information which characterizes the non-randomness of correlations between two observers that conduct measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Yu. Bogdanov , Yu. I. Bogdanov , K. A. Valiev

The Schmidt number is an important kind of characterization of quantum entanglement. Quantum states with higher Schmidt numbers demonstrate significant advantages in various quantum information processing tasks. By deriving a class of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Xiao-Qian Mu , Hao-Fan Wang , Shao-Ming Fei

We consider the Schmidt decomposition of a bipartite density operator induced by the Hilbert-Schmidt scalar product, and we study the relation between the Schmidt coefficients and entanglement. First, we define the Schmidt equivalence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-22 Paolo Aniello , Cosmo Lupo

An entanglement measure for pure-state continuous-variable bi-partite problem, the Schmidt number, is analytically calculated for one simple model of atom-field scattering.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Mikalai Karelin

A deep understanding of quantum entanglement is vital for advancing quantum technologies. The strength of entanglement can be quantified by counting the degrees of freedom that are entangled, which results in a quantity called Schmidt…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-21 Robin Krebs , Mariami Gachechiladze

High-dimensional entanglement has been identified as an important resource in quantum information processing, and also as a main obstacle for simulating quantum systems. Its certification is often difficult, and most widely used methods for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-31 Shuheng Liu , Matteo Fadel , Qiongyi He , Marcus Huber , Giuseppe Vitagliano

Entanglement measures quantify the amount of quantum entanglement that is contained in quantum states. Typically, different entanglement measures do not have to be partially ordered. The presence of a definite partial order between two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-30 Danko D. Georgiev , Stanley P. Gudder

Inspired by the `computable cross norm' or `realignment' criterion, we propose a new point of view about the characterization of the states of bipartite quantum systems. We consider a Schmidt decomposition of a bipartite density operator.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-16 Cosmo Lupo , Paolo Aniello , Antonello Scardicchio

Although quantum entanglement has already been verified experimentally and applied in quantum computing, quantum sensing and quantum networks, most of the existing measures cannot characterize the entanglement faithfully. In this work, by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-10 Zhi-Xiang Jin , Shao-Ming Fei , Xianqing Li-Jost , Cong-Feng Qiao

The class of local invertible operations is defined and the invariance of entanglement under such operations is established. For the quantification of entanglement, universal entanglement measures are defined, which are invariant under…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-10 J. Sperling , W. Vogel

Transmission of high dimensional entanglement through quantum channels is a significant area of interest in quantum information science. The certification of high dimensional entanglement is usually done through Schmidt numbers. Schmidt…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-02 Bivas Mallick , Nirman Ganguly , A. S. Majumdar

We introduce the notion of a Schmidt number of a bipartite density matrix, characterizing the minimum Schmidt rank of the pure states that are needed to construct the density matrix. We prove that Schmidt number is nonincreasing under local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Barbara M. Terhal , Pawel Horodecki
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