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Deep learning (DL) inverse techniques have increased the speed of artificial electromagnetic material (AEM) design and improved the quality of resulting devices. Many DL inverse techniques have succeeded on a number of AEM design tasks, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Simiao Ren , Ashwin Mahendra , Omar Khatib , Yang Deng , Willie J. Padilla , Jordan M. Malof

Deep learning based on artificial neural networks is a powerful machine learning method that, in the last few years, has been successfully used to realize tasks, e.g., image classification, speech recognition, translation of languages,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Alessio Zappone , Marco Di Renzo , Mérouane Debbah , Thanh Tu Lam , Xuewen Qian

Transfer learning has recently become the dominant paradigm of machine learning. Pre-trained models fine-tuned for downstream tasks achieve better performance with fewer labelled examples. Nonetheless, it remains unclear how to develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Jonas Pfeiffer , Sebastian Ruder , Ivan Vulić , Edoardo Maria Ponti

In the rapid development of artificial intelligence, solving complex AI tasks is a crucial technology in intelligent mobile networks. Despite the good performance of specialized AI models in intelligent mobile networks, they are unable to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Lei Yao , Yong Zhang , Zilong Yan , Jialu Tian

In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, hybrid analog-digital (AD) beamforming can be used to attain a high directional gain without requiring a dedicated radio frequency (RF) chain for each antenna element, which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-15 S. Shi , Y. Cai , Q. Hu , B. Champagne , L. Hanzo

Terahertz (THz) communication is considered as an attractive way to overcome the bandwidth bottleneck and satisfy the ever-increasing capacity demand in the future. Due to the high directivity and propagation loss of THz waves, a massive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Boyu Ning , Zhi Chen , Zhongbao Tian , Chong Han , Shaoqian Li

The rapid development of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) applications requires the training of large numbers of models. This growing demand highlights the importance of training models without human supervision, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Alexey Boldyrev , Fedor Ratnikov , Andrey Shevelev

Industry adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-native wireless receivers, or even modular, Machine Learning (ML)-aided wireless signal processing blocks, has been slow. The main concern is the lack of explainability of these trained ML…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-19 Mauro Belgiovine , Suyash Pradhan , Johannes Lange , Michael Löhning , Kaushik Chowdhury

The training of deep learning models typically requires extensive data, which are not readily available as large well-curated medical-image datasets for development of artificial intelligence (AI) models applied in Radiology. Recognizing…

This article presents a tutorial on multiuser multiple-antenna wireless systems with a very large number of antennas, known as massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. Signal processing challenges and future trends in the area of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-29 R. C. de Lamare

The discussions around Artificial Intelligence (AI) and medical imaging are centered around the success of deep learning algorithms. As new algorithms enter the market, it is important for practicing radiologists to understand the pitfalls…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-28 Rishi Gadepally , Andrew Gomella , Eric Gingold , Paras Lakhani

Modern fronthaul links in wireless systems must transport high-dimensional signals under stringent bandwidth and latency constraints, which makes compression indispensable. Traditional strategies such as compressed sensing, scalar…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-08 Keqin Zhang

Discrete tokenizers have emerged as indispensable components in modern machine learning systems, particularly within the context of autoregressive modeling and large language models (LLMs). These tokenizers serve as the critical interface…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jian Jia , Jingtong Gao , Ben Xue , Junhao Wang , Qingpeng Cai , Quan Chen , Xiangyu Zhao , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

Recent breakthroughs in machine and deep learning (ML and DL) research have provided excellent tools for leveraging enormous amounts of data and optimizing huge models with millions of parameters to obtain accurate networks for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Mohammadreza Amirian

Reliability is of paramount importance for the physical layer of wireless systems due to its decisive impact on end-to-end performance. However, the uncertainty of prevailing deep learning (DL)-based physical layer algorithms is hard to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-07 Wentao Yu , Hengtao He , Xianghao Yu , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Utilizing deep learning (DL) techniques for radio-based positioning of user equipment (UE) through channel state information (CSI) fingerprints has demonstrated significant potential. DL models can extract complex characteristics from the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-21 Anastasios Foliadis , Mario H. Castañeda , Richard A. Stirling-Gallacher , Reiner S. Thomä

In this paper, linear transceiver design for multi-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) multiple-input multiple-out (MIMO) relaying systems with Gaussian distributed channel estimation errors is investigated. Commonly used transceiver design…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Chengwen Xing , Shaodan Ma , Zesong Fei , Yik-Chung Wu , H. Vincent Poor

Artificial intelligence (AI) research today is largely driven by ever-larger neural network models trained on graphics processing units (GPUs). This paradigm has yielded remarkable progress, but it also risks entrenching a hardware lottery…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Bipin Rajendran , Osvaldo Simeone , Bashir M. Al-Hashimi

Large language models (LLMs) and large multimodal models (LMMs) have achieved unprecedented breakthrough, showcasing remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding, generation, and complex reasoning. This transformative potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Hyun Jong Yang , Hyunsoo Kim , Hyeonho Noh , Seungnyun Kim , Byonghyo Shim

The application of TensorFlow pre-trained models in deep learning is explored, with an emphasis on practical guidance for tasks such as image classification and object detection. The study covers modern architectures, including ResNet,…

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