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Related papers: PhishIntel: Toward Practical Deployment of Referen…

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With increasingly more sophisticated phishing campaigns in recent years, phishing emails lure people using more legitimate-looking personal contexts. To tackle this problem, instead of traditional heuristics-based algorithms, more adaptive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Yuwei Sun , Ng Chong , Hideya Ochiai

Phishing is a common online weapon, used against users, by Phishers for acquiring a confidential information through deception. Since the inception of internet, nearly everything, ranging from money transaction to sharing information, is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-12-11 Anugrah Kumar , Sanjiban Shekar Roy , Sarvesh SS Rawat , Sanklan Saxena

Phishing websites remain a major cybersecurity threat, exploiting deceptive structures, brand impersonation, and social engineering to evade detection. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have improved phishing detection through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Wenhao Li , Selvakumar Manickam , Yung-wey Chong , Shankar Karuppayah

Phishing attacks are a significant societal threat, disproportionately harming vulnerable populations and eroding trust in essential digital services. Current defenses are often reactive, failing against modern evasive tactics like cloaking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Daiki Chiba , Hiroki Nakano , Takashi Koide

Recently, we can observe a significant increase of the phishing attacks in the Internet. In a typical phishing attack, the attacker sets up a malicious website that looks similar to the legitimate website in order to obtain the end-users'…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zijiang Yang

Phishing has grown significantly in the past few years and is predicted to further increase in the future. The dynamics of phishing introduce challenges in implementing a robust phishing detection system and selecting features which can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Rizka Purwanto , Arindam Pal , Alan Blair , Sanjay Jha

Phishing attacks, typically carried out by email, remain a significant cybersecurity threat with attackers creating legitimate-looking websites to deceive recipients into revealing sensitive information or executing harmful actions. In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Wei Kang , Nan Wang , Jang Seung , Shuo Wang , Alsharif Abuadbba

Phishing is a type of social engineering attack with an intention to steal user data, including login credentials and credit card numbers, leading to financial losses for both organisations and individuals. It occurs when an attacker,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-02 J. Samantha Tharani , Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage

Phishing attacks represent an increasingly sophisticated and pervasive threat to individuals and organizations, causing significant financial losses, identity theft, and severe damage to institutional reputations. Existing phishing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Lohith Srikanth Pentapalli , Jon Salisbury , Josette Riep , Kelly Cohen

Phishing emails are a critical component of the cybercrime kill chain due to their wide reach and low cost. Their ever-evolving nature renders traditional rule-based and feature-engineered detectors ineffective in the ongoing arms race…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ruofan Liu , Yun Lin , Silas Yeo Shuen Yu , Xiwen Teoh , Zhenkai Liang , Jin Song Dong

Phishing has been a prevalent cyber threat that manipulates users into revealing sensitive private information through deceptive tactics, designed to masquerade as trustworthy entities. Over the years, proactively detection of phishing URLs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Maraz Mia , Darius Derakhshan , Mir Mehedi A. Pritom

Cyber attacks continue to pose significant threats to individuals and organizations, stealing sensitive data such as personally identifiable information, financial information, and login credentials. Hence, detecting malicious websites…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Saroj Gopali , Akbar S. Namin , Faranak Abri , Keith S. Jones

Phishing and spear-phishing are typical examples of masquerade attacks since trust is built up through impersonation for the attack to succeed. Given the prevalence of these attacks, considerable research has been conducted on these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Avisha Das , Shahryar Baki , Ayman El Aassal , Rakesh Verma , Arthur Dunbar

Phishing as one of the most well-known cybercrime activities is a deception of online users to steal their personal or confidential information by impersonating a legitimate website. Several machine learning-based strategies have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Mahdieh Zabihimayvan , Derek Doran

Phishing attacks are the most common type of cyber-attacks used to obtain sensitive information and have been affecting individuals as well as organisations across the globe. Various techniques have been proposed to identify the phishing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Sohail Ahmed Khan , Wasiq Khan , Abir Hussain

Phishing attacks continue to evolve, with cloaking techniques posing a significant challenge to detection efforts. Cloaking allows attackers to display phishing sites only to specific users while presenting legitimate pages to security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Hiroki Nakano , Takashi Koide , Daiki Chiba

Modern phishing campaigns increasingly evade snapshot-based URL classifiers using interaction gates (e.g., checkbox/slider challenges), delayed content rendering, and logo-less credential harvesters. This shifts URL triage from static…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Haolin Zhang , William Reber , Yuxuan Zhang , Guofei Gu , Jeff Huang

The rise of QR code-based phishing ("Quishing") poses a growing cybersecurity threat, as attackers increasingly exploit QR codes to bypass traditional phishing defenses. Existing detection methods predominantly focus on URL analysis, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Fouad Trad , Ali Chehab

With increasing technology developments, there is a massive number of websites with varying purposes. But a particular type exists within this large collection, the so-called phishing sites which aim to deceive their users. The main…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Almaha Abuzuraiq , Mouhammd Alkasassbeh , Mohammad Almseidin

Recently, the development and implementation of phishing attacks require little technical skills and costs. This uprising has led to an ever-growing number of phishing attacks on the World Wide Web. Consequently, proactive techniques to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Chidimma Opara , Bo Wei , Yingke Chen