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Offline cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) faces unique challenges due to distributional shifts, particularly stemming from the high dimensionality of joint action spaces and the presence of out-of-distribution joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Dan Qiao , Wenhao Li , Shanchao Yang , Hongyuan Zha , Baoxiang Wang

Training multiple agents to coordinate is an essential problem with applications in robotics, game theory, economics, and social sciences. However, most existing Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) methods are online and thus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Paul Barde , Jakob Foerster , Derek Nowrouzezahrai , Amy Zhang

Intraday surgical scheduling is a multi-objective decision problem under uncertainty-balancing elective throughput, urgent and emergency demand, delays, sequence-dependent setups, and overtime. We formulate the problem as a cooperative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Kailiang Liu , Ying Chen , Ralf Borndörfer , Thorsten Koch

This paper investigates the model-based methods in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). We specify the dynamics sample complexity and the opponent sample complexity in MARL, and conduct a theoretic analysis of return discrepancy upper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Weinan Zhang , Xihuai Wang , Jian Shen , Ming Zhou

Offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) aims to learn effective multi-agent policies from pre-collected datasets, which is an important step toward the deployment of multi-agent systems in real-world applications. However, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Qi Tian , Kun Kuang , Furui Liu , Baoxiang Wang

Offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is an exciting direction of research that uses static datasets to find optimal control policies for multi-agent systems. Though the field is by definition data-driven, efforts have thus far…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Claude Formanek , Louise Beyers , Callum Rhys Tilbury , Jonathan P. Shock , Arnu Pretorius

We discuss the problem of decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in this work. In our setting, the global state, action, and reward are assumed to be fully observable, while the local policy is protected as privacy by each…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Kuo Li , Qing-Shan Jia

Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) focuses on learning policies solely from a batch of previously collected data. offering the potential to leverage such datasets effectively without the need for costly or risky active exploration. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Riccardo Zamboni , Enrico Brunetti , Marcello Restelli

Sample efficiency remains a key challenge in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). A promising approach is to learn a meaningful latent representation space through auxiliary learning objectives alongside the MARL objective to aid in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Dom Huh , Prasant Mohapatra

Offline-to-Online Reinforcement Learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm, leveraging offline data for initialization and online fine-tuning to enhance both sample efficiency and performance. However, most existing research has focused on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Hai Zhong , Xun Wang , Zhuoran Li , Longbo Huang

This work leverages adaptive social learning to estimate partially observable global states in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) problems. Unlike existing methods, the proposed approach enables the concurrent operation of social…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Ainur Zhaikhan , Malek Khammassi , Ali H. Sayed

Online Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a prominent framework for efficient agent coordination. Crucially, enhancing policy expressiveness is pivotal for achieving superior performance. Diffusion-based generative models are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Zhuoran Li , Hai Zhong , Xun Wang , Qingxin Xia , Lihua Zhang , Longbo Huang

A key challenge in offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is achieving effective many-agent multi-step coordination in complex environments. In this work, we propose Oryx, a novel algorithm for offline cooperative MARL to…

We develop a Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) method to learn scalable control policies for target tracking. Our method can handle an arbitrary number of pursuers and targets; we show results for tasks consisting up to 1000…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Christopher D. Hsu , Heejin Jeong , George J. Pappas , Pratik Chaudhari

The emergence of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is significantly transforming various fields like autonomous vehicle networks. However, real-world multi-agent systems typically contain multiple roles, and the scale of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Xudong Guo , Daming Shi , Junjie Yu , Wenhui Fan

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) refers to the problem of learning policies entirely from a large batch of previously collected data. This problem setting offers the promise of utilizing such datasets to acquire policies without any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Tianhe Yu , Garrett Thomas , Lantao Yu , Stefano Ermon , James Zou , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn , Tengyu Ma

Offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) aims to solve cooperative decision-making problems in multi-agent systems using pre-collected datasets. Existing offline MARL methods primarily constrain training within the dataset…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-01 Sijia Li , Xinran Li , Shibo Chen , Jun Zhang

Conservatism has led to significant progress in offline reinforcement learning (RL) where an agent learns from pre-collected datasets. However, as many real-world scenarios involve interaction among multiple agents, it is important to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Ling Pan , Longbo Huang , Tengyu Ma , Huazhe Xu

Existing offline reinforcement learning (RL) methods face a few major challenges, particularly the distributional shift between the learned policy and the behavior policy. Offline Meta-RL is emerging as a promising approach to address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Sen Lin , Jialin Wan , Tengyu Xu , Yingbin Liang , Junshan Zhang

We extend trust region policy optimization (TRPO) to multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) problems. We show that the policy update of TRPO can be transformed into a distributed consensus optimization problem for multi-agent cases. By…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Hepeng Li , Haibo He
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