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For web agents to be practically useful, they must adapt to the continuously evolving web environment characterized by frequent updates to user interfaces and content. However, most existing benchmarks only capture the static aspects of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yichen Pan , Dehan Kong , Sida Zhou , Cheng Cui , Yifei Leng , Bing Jiang , Hangyu Liu , Yanyi Shang , Shuyan Zhou , Tongshuang Wu , Zhengyang Wu

We describe the motivation and design for esINSIDER, an automated tool that detects potential persistent and insider threats in a network. esINSIDER aggregates clues from log data, over extended time periods, and proposes a small number of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-09 M. Arthur Munson , Jason Kichen , Dustin Hillard , Ashley Fidler , Peiter Zatko

Modern threat landscapes continue to evolve with increasing sophistication, challenging traditional detection methodologies and necessitating innovative solutions capable of addressing complex adversarial tactics. A novel framework was…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Levi Gareth , Maximilian Fairbrother , Peregrine Blackwood , Lucasta Underhill , Benedict Ruthermore

Website hacking is a frequent attack type used by malicious actors to obtain confidential information, modify the integrity of web pages or make websites unavailable. The tools used by attackers are becoming more and more automated and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Laszlo Erdodi , Fabio Massimo Zennaro

Ransomware has become one of the most serious cybersecurity threats causing major financial losses and operational disruptions worldwide.Traditional detection methods such as static analysis, heuristic scanning and behavioral analysis often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Asifullah Khan , Aimen Wadood , Mubashar Iqbal , Umme Zahoora

Advanced attack campaigns span across multiple stages and stay stealthy for long time periods. There is a growing trend of attackers using off-the-shelf tools and pre-installed system applications (such as \emph{powershell} and \emph{wmic})…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Aditya Kuppa , Slawomir Grzonkowski , Muhammad Rizwan Asghar , Nhien-An Le-Khac

In pervasive systems, mobile devices and other sensors access Gateways, which are Servers that communicate with the devices, provide low latency services, connect them with each other, and connect them to the Internet and backbone networks.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Erol Gelenbe , Mohammed Nasereddin

The challenge of WAD (web attack detection) is growing as hackers continuously refine their methods to evade traditional detection. Deep learning models excel in handling complex unknown attacks due to their strong generalization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Lijia Shi , Shihao Dong

WebShell attacks - where adversaries implant malicious scripts on web servers - remain a persistent threat. Prior machine-learning and deep-learning detectors typically depend on task-specific supervision and can be brittle under data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Feijiang Han , Jiaming Zhang , Chuyi Deng , Jianheng Tang , Yunhuai Liu

As cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and frequency, robust endpoint protection is essential for organizational security. This paper presents "Endpoint Security Agent: A Comprehensive Approach to Real-time System Monitoring and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Srihari R , Ayesha Taranum , Karthik , Mohammed Usman Hussain

Artificial Intelligence brings innovations into the society. However, bias and unethical exist in many algorithms that make the applications less trustworthy. Threats hunting algorithms based on machine learning have shown great advantage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Shuangbao Paul Wang , Paul Mullin

Automated bots now account for roughly half of all web requests, and an increasing number deliberately spoof their identity to either evade detection or to not respect robots.txt. Existing countermeasures are either resource-intensive…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Rémi Van Boxem , Tom Barbette , Cristel Pelsser , Ramin Sadre

This paper proposes a generic classification system designed to detect security threats based on the behavior of malware samples. The system relies on statistical features computed from proxy log fields to train detectors using a database…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-09 Lukas Machlica , Karel Bartos , Michal Sofka

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) agents into web browsers introduces security challenges that go beyond traditional web application threat models. Prior work has identified prompt injection as a new attack vector for web…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Kaiyuan Zhang , Mark Tenenholtz , Kyle Polley , Jerry Ma , Denis Yarats , Ninghui Li

Web-use agents are rapidly being deployed to automate complex web tasks with extensive browser capabilities. However, these capabilities create a critical and previously unexplored attack surface. This paper demonstrates how attackers can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Avishag Shapira , Parth Atulbhai Gandhi , Edan Habler , Asaf Shabtai

Social media platforms are plagued by harmful content such as hate speech, misinformation, and extremist rhetoric. Machine learning (ML) models are widely adopted to detect such content; however, they remain highly vulnerable to adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yidong Chai , Yi Liu , Mohammadreza Ebrahimi , Weifeng Li , Balaji Padmanabhan

Foundation models are increasingly becoming better autonomous programmers, raising the prospect that they could also automate dangerous offensive cyber-operations. Current frontier model audits probe the cybersecurity risks of such agents,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Boyi Wei , Benedikt Stroebl , Jiacen Xu , Joie Zhang , Zhou Li , Peter Henderson

Smart homes, powered by the Internet of Things, offer great convenience but also pose security concerns due to abnormal behaviors, such as improper operations of users and potential attacks from malicious attackers. Several behavior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Jingyu Xiao , Zhiyao Xu , Qingsong Zou , Qing Li , Dan Zhao , Dong Fang , Ruoyu Li , Wenxin Tang , Kang Li , Xudong Zuo , Penghui Hu , Yong Jiang , Zixuan Weng , Michael R. Lyv

As browser fingerprinting is increasingly being used for bot detection, bots have started altering their fingerprints for evasion. We conduct the first large-scale evaluation of evasive bots to investigate whether and how altering…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hari Venugopalan , Shaoor Munir , Shuaib Ahmed , Tangbaihe Wang , Samuel T. King , Zubair Shafiq

Bandit algorithms have recently emerged as a powerful tool for evaluating machine learning models, including generative image models and large language models, by efficiently identifying top-performing candidates without exhaustive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Seyed Mohammad Hadi Hosseini , Amir Najafi , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah