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Autonomous UI agents powered by AI have tremendous potential to boost human productivity by automating routine tasks such as filing taxes and paying bills. However, a major challenge in unlocking their full potential is security, which is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Ivan Evtimov , Arman Zharmagambetov , Aaron Grattafiori , Chuan Guo , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Traditional security detection methods face three key challenges: inadequate data collection that misses critical security events, resource-intensive monitoring systems, and poor detection algorithms with high false positive rates. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Limin Wang , Lei Bu , Muzimiao Zhang , Shihong Cang , Kai Ye

Fraudulent activities on digital banking services are becoming more intricate by the day, challenging existing defenses. While older rule driven methods struggle to keep pace, even precision focused algorithms fall short when new scams are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Karthikeyan V. R. , Premnath S. , Kavinraaj S. , J. Sangeetha

End-point monitoring solutions are widely deployed in today's enterprise environments to support advanced attack detection and investigation. These monitors continuously record system-level activities as audit logs and provide deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Hao Zhang , Shuo Shao , Song Li , Zhenyu Zhong , Yan Liu , Zhan Qin

Deep neural networks exhibit excellent performance in computer vision tasks, but their vulnerability to real-world adversarial attacks, achieved through physical objects that can corrupt their predictions, raises serious security concerns…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Giulio Rossolini , Alessandro Biondi , Giorgio Buttazzo

Millions of web users directly depend on ad and tracker blocking tools to protect their privacy. However, existing ad and tracker blockers fall short because of their reliance on trivially susceptible advertising and tracking content. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Sandra Siby , Umar Iqbal , Steven Englehardt , Zubair Shafiq , Carmela Troncoso

Vehicle platooning, with vehicles traveling in close formation coordinated through Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications, offers significant benefits in fuel efficiency and road utilization. However, it is vulnerable to sophisticated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Hexu Li , Konstantinos Kalogiannis , Ahmed Mohamed Hussain , Panos Papadimitratos

The escalating sophistication of cyber-attacks and the widespread utilization of stealth tactics have led to significant security threats globally. Nevertheless, the existing static detection methods exhibit limited coverage, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jian Wang , Lingzhi Wang , Husheng Yu , Xiangmin Shen , Yan Chen

Computer-use agents extend language models from text generation to persistent action over tools, files, and execution environments. Unlike chat systems, they maintain state across interactions and translate intermediate outputs into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yunhao Feng , Yifan Ding , Yingshui Tan , Xingjun Ma , Yige Li , Yutao Wu , Yifeng Gao , Kun Zhai , Yanming Guo

Modern web browsers have effectively become the new operating system for business applications, yet their security posture is often under-scrutinized. This paper presents a novel, comprehensive Browser Security Posture Analysis…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Avihay Cohen

URL+HTML feature fusion shows promise for robust malicious URL detection, since attacker artifacts persist in DOM structures. However, prior work suffers from four critical shortcomings: (1) incomplete URL modeling, failing to jointly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Ye Tian , Zhang Yumin , Yifan Jia , Jianguo Sun , Yanbin Wang

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents can now orchestrate cyberattacks. This development is already increasing the speed and scale of cyber attacks, decreasing attack costs, and improving the operational autonomy of cyber capabilities. To…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Matt Mittelsteadt , Jam Kraprayoon , Robin Staes-Polet , Oskar Galeev , Jan Wehner , Christopher Covino , Shaun Ee

Adversarial machine learning attacks on video action recognition models is a growing research area and many effective attacks were introduced in recent years. These attacks show that action recognition models can be breached in many ways.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Furkan Mumcu , Yasin Yilmaz

Although the use of pay-per-click mechanisms stimulates the prosperity of the mobile advertisement network, fraudulent ad clicks result in huge financial losses for advertisers. Extensive studies identify click fraud according to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Tong Zhu , Yan Meng , Haotian Hu , Xiaokuan Zhang , Minhui Xue , Haojin Zhu

Online harms are a growing problem in digital spaces, putting user safety at risk and reducing trust in social media platforms. One of the most persistent forms of harm is hate speech. To address this, we need tools that combine the speed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Paloma Piot , Diego Sánchez , Javier Parapar

The proposed UniGuard is the first unified online detection framework capable of simultaneously addressing adversarial examples and backdoor attacks. UniGuard builds upon two key insights: first, both AE and backdoor attacks have to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Anmin Fu , Fanyu Meng , Huaibing Peng , Hua Ma , Zhi Zhang , Yifeng Zheng , Willy Susilo , Yansong Gao

Malicious WebShells pose a significant and evolving threat by compromising critical digital infrastructures and endangering public services in sectors such as healthcare and finance. While the research community has made significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Feijiang Han

Existing literature on adversarial Machine Learning (ML) focuses either on showing attacks that break every ML model, or defenses that withstand most attacks. Unfortunately, little consideration is given to the actual feasibility of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Ying Yuan , Giovanni Apruzzese , Mauro Conti

Web applications are relied upon by many for the services they provide. It is essential that applications implement appropriate security measures to prevent security incidents. Currently, web applications focus resources towards the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Calum C. Hall , Lynsay A. Shepherd , Natalie Coull

Detecting mind wandering is crucial in online education, and it occurs 30% of the time, as it directly impacts learners' retention, comprehension, and overall success in self-directed learning environments. Integrating automated detection…