Related papers: f-P vs P-f based Grid-forming Control under RoCoF …
To address the frequency stability challenges posed by the rising penetration of power electronics in power systems, HVDC-connected offshore wind power plants (OWPPs) are increasingly expected to provide inertial response and frequency…
Low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) present a significant challenge to the stability and reliability of power systems, especially in grids with a high penetration of renewable energy sources. Traditional grid-following (GFL) inverters have…
This paper investigates the design and analysis of a novel grid-forming (GFM) control method for grid-connected converters (GCCs). The core novelty lies in a virtual flux observer-based synchronization and load angle control method. The…
This paper demonstrates the key features of a control system applicable to inverter-based resources (IBR), which is based on grid-forming technology. Such resources are classified as grid-forming or grid-following converters based on the…
Grid-forming (GFM) capability requirements are increasingly imposed on grid-connected voltage-source converters (VSCs). Under large grid disturbances, GFM-VSCs need to remain stable while providing GFM services. Yet, such objectives, as…
Grid-forming (GFM) converters face significant challenges in limiting current during transient grid events while preserving their grid-forming behavior. This paper offers an elegant solution to the problem with a priori guarantees,…
This article introduces two control frameworks: one for Grid-Following (GFL) inverters aiding Grid-Forming (GFM) inverters in voltage regulation during large contingency events and optimizing power transactions under normal conditions; and…
High penetration of wind power with conventional grid following controls for inverter-based wind turbine generators (WTGs) weakens the power grid, challenging the power system stability. Grid-forming (GFM) controls are emerging technologies…
Stability of power grids with synchronous generators (SGs) and renewable generation interfaced with grid-forming converters (GFCs) under dc-side current limitation is studied. To that end, we first consider a simple 2-bus test system and…
In this paper, frequency dynamics in modern power systems with a high penetration of converter-based generation is analysed. A fundamental analysis of the frequency dynamics is performed to identify the limitations and challenges when the…
In a purely inverter-based microgrid, both grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) inverters will have a crucial role to play in frequency/voltage regulation and maintaining power sharing through their grid support capabilities.…
As power systems transit to a state of high renewable penetration, little or no presence of synchronous generators makes the prerequisite of well-regulated frequency for grid-following inverters unrealistic. Thus, there is a trend to resort…
This work explores the stability, behavior, variants, and a controller-hardware-in-the-loop (C-HiL) verification of the recently proposed grid-forming (GFM) hybrid angle control (HAC). We revisit the foundation of GFM HAC, and highlight its…
In this work, we investigate grid-forming (GFM) control for dc/ac voltage source converters (VSC) under unbalanced system conditions and unbalanced faults. To fully leverage the degrees of freedom of VSCs, we introduce the concept of…
An inevitable consequence of the global power system transition towards nearly 100% renewable-based generation is the loss of conventional bulk generation by synchronous machines, their inertia, and accompanying frequency and voltage…
High penetration of renewable generation poses great challenge to power system operation due to its uncertain nature. In droop-controlled microgrids, the voltage volatility induced by renewable uncertainties is aggravated by the high droop…
This article proposes a "cross-forming" control concept for grid-forming inverters operating against grid faults. Cross-forming refers to voltage angle forming and current magnitude forming. It differs from classical grid-forming and…
Grid-forming control (GFC) has seen numerous technological advances in their control types, applications, and the multitude of services they provide. Some examples of the services they provide include black start, inertial frequency…
The popular single-input single-output control structures and classic design methods (e.g., root locus analysis) for the power control of grid-forming converters have limitations in applying to different line characteristics and providing…
As renewable sources increasingly replace existing conventional generation, the dynamics of the grid drastically changes, posing new challenges for transmission system operations, but also arising new opportunities as converter-based…